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The transesterification reaction of beef tallow to biodiesel using Cs2O/γ-Al2O3 as a solid base catalyst was studied. Response surface methodology and central composite rotation design were employed to optimize the reaction conditions. The optimum conditions giving 95.5% biodiesel yield were: reaction time 120 min, temperature 66°C, catalyst amount 5.3% (based on the weight of oil), molar ratio of...
The activity behavior of Novozym 435 treated with organic solvents was investigated, and the influence of several crucial parameters, including Novozym 435 dosage, oil to methanol molar ratio, reaction time and type of monohydric alcohol, on biodiesel yield was also addressed using tert-butanol as co-solvent. The results showed that the functional group as well as log P of organic solvents was an...
Biodiesel, an alternative diesel fuel derived from vegetable oil, animal fat, or waste vegetable oil (WVO), is obtained in this work by reacting waste vegetable soybean oil using oil shale ash as a heterogeneous catalyst in addition to two alcohols ethylene glycol and ethanol. Results have indicated that high biodiesel yield is obtained when using ethylene glycol at high temperature, while the yield...
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