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This paper presents a new method for operating microgrid. Basic control methodology is to de-couple PQ control for grid-forming distributed generator (DG) whose new extra role is to act as reactive power sensor besides generating real power into the microgrid. Reactive power from the grid-forming DG is transferred to and from the instantaneous var compensator when there is a switch-in or switch-off...
In this paper a novel droop approach for power management in low voltage dc MicroGrids (MGs) based on a master-slave concept is presented. A virtual frequency is injected by a master unit, which is proportional to its output power. Other slave units determine their output power according to the corresponding frequency based droop characteristics. Unlike the dc voltage-droop methods, the proposed virtual...
This paper addresses the modeling and control of the More Electric Aircraft (MEA) system used in modern airplanes in real time simulation environment. In particular, this paper examines the effect of replacing the conventional gas turbine based Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) system with a fuel cell based APU system. The voltage dynamics in the aircraft electric microgrid system and impact of the fuel...
This study introduces design, integration, control, and analysis of a hybrid microgrid (MG) testbed including a 300 kW wind energy plant of three 100-kW permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs), 50 kW solar energy plant of 200 solar panels, and a 50 kW fuel cell stack. Generation side of the hybrid plant coupled on 120V dc bus where wind energy plant consists of uncontrolled diode rectifier...
This paper is dedicated to microgrid design by using several renewable energy sources (RES) together. The generator side contains the most widely used three types of RESs that are wind energy, solar energy, and fuel cells. The wind turbine is designed according to parameters of a 6.5kW commercial permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The solar plant that has 15kW rated power is constituted...
The Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions (CERTS) Microgrid concept captures the emerging potential of Distributed Energy Resource (DER) using an automatous plug-and-play approach. CERTS views generation and associated loads as a subsystem or a “Microgrid.” The sources can operate in parallel to the grid or can operate in island, providing high levels of electrical reliability....
PHEVs/PEVs have received increasing attention because of their low pollution emissions, low energy dependence, and high fuel economy. In the near future, most PHEV/PEV enabled parking decks are expected to be powered by small-scale and onsite distributed energy resources. This paper interfaces Microgrid components with the simulated PHEV/PEV parking station and evaluates the high penetration of PHEV/PEVs...
The concept of microgrid becomes increasingly important, in which renewable energy, distributed generation, and distributed storage systems can be integrated into the grid. This paper presents dynamic models of microturbine and fuel cells as distributed generators to study their dynamic behavior within a microgrid. In addition, The Buck-Boost converter and voltage source inverter are adopted as the...
The non-dispatchable energy output of PV generators has an adverse effect on the stability of microgrid especially capacity-limited microgrid with high PV penetration. To solve this problem, a unified power control strategy for PV generators is proposed to mimic the performance of synchronous generator (SG) in power system. As a supplementary supply, fuel cell is equipped in the PV generator to reduce...
The present distribution system is a passive radial system, which is protected by relays and operated by a SCADA system. This kind of radial system is not reliable in the face of exogenous and endogenous risks. Also, primary energy sources will be driven to the end in near future. Thus, sustainable as well as resilient electric energy supply becomes a pre-requisite for continuing urban growth. This...
In this paper, a new power sharing control method for a microgrid with several distributed generation units is proposed. The presence of both inertial and non-inertial sources with different power ratings, maximum power point tracking, and various types of loads pose a great challenge for the power sharing and system stability. The conventional droop control method is modified to achieve the desired...
This paper discusses control and protection of power electronics interfaced distributed generation (DG) systems in a customer-driven microgrid (CDM). Particularly, the following topics will be addressed: microgrid system configurations and features, DG interfacing converter topologies and control, power flow control in grid-connected operation, islanding detection, autonomous islanding operation with...
Micro-grid can be defined as a low voltage distribution system to which small modular generation systems are to be connected. In some sense, a micro-grid corresponds to an association of electrical loads and small generation systems through a LV distribution network. This means that loads and sources are physically close so that a micro-grid can correspond for instance to the network of a small urban...
This paper describes an approach to hierarchical integration of DC and AC microgrids containing distributed energy resources (DERs) into the existing electric power distribution infrastructure. Power electronic interfaces and controls permit the aggregated units at each level to represent themselves to a higher level as a single self-controlled entity (DC or AC, load or generator). At the top level...
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