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This paper presents the measured impedance at the relaying point in the presence of Static Var Compensator (SVC), one of the shunt connected Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices; in the case of inter phase, phase to phase and three phase, faults. The presence of SVC on a transmission line has a great influence on the measured impedance at the relaying point. In the presence...
This paper presents a new impedance based fault location method in the case of phase to phase and three phase faults. This method utilized the measured impedance by distance relay and super imposed current factor, which is the ratio of post-fault current to super imposed current, to discriminate the fault position on the line. This method is robust against the fault resistance. The presented method...
This paper presents an adaptive distance protection in the presence of Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC), one of the series connected Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices. The presence of SSSC on a transmission line has a great influence on the measured impedance at the relaying point. The measured impedance itself depends on the power system structural conditions,...
This paper presents the effects of Static Var Compensator (SVC), one of the shunt connected Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices, on the measured impedance at the relaying point in the case of inter phase, phase to phase and three phase, faults. The measured impedance at the relaying point is affected by several factors, including the line pre-fault loading, line structural...
Distance relays are widely used as main and back-up protection for transmission lines. Their operation is based on impedance measurement at the relaying point, which can be affected by several factors, including pre-fault line loading and short circuit levels at the line ends. Continues demand for electricity energy leads to increase of short circuit levels along the network, which itself causes new...
Arbitrary impedance ratios can be determined with high accuracy by means of a programmable Josephson system. For a 1:1 resistance ratio at 10-kΩ level we demonstrate that the novel system allows measurements over a wide frequency range from 25 Hz to 10 kHz. Uncertainties are in the range of a few parts in 108 and thus comparable to those of conventional impedance bridges.
This paper presents an adaptive distance protection in the presence of STATic synchronous COMpensator (STATCOM), one of the shunt connected Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices. The presence of STATCOM on a transmission line has a great influence on the measured impedance at the relaying point. The measured impedance itself depends on the power system structural conditions,...
This paper presents the measured impedance at the relaying point in the presence of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC), one of Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices, and compares the effect of series and shunt reactive power compensation via UPFC from distance relay point of view. The presence of UPFC on a transmission line greatly influences the measured impedance at...
Distance relays are widely used as main and back-up protection for transmission lines. Their operation is based on impedance measurement at the relaying point, which can be affected by several factors, including pre-fault line loading and short circuit levels at the line ends. Continues demand for electricity energy leads to increase of the short circuit levels along the network, which itself causes...
This paper presents a modified distance protection in the presence of Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC), one of the series connected Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices. The presence of SSSC on a transmission line has a great influence on the measured impedance at the relaying point. The measured impedance itself depends on the power system structural conditions,...
This paper presents the measured impedance at the relaying point in the presence of unified power flow controller (UPFC), one of flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices, on a double circuit transmission line. The presence of UPFC on a line has a great influence on the measured impedance at the relaying point. The measured impedance itself depends on the power system structural...
This paper presents and compares the measured impedance at the relaying point in the presence of static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), one of the series connected flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices, and static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), one of the shunt connected FACTS devices. The presence of FACTS devices on a transmission line greatly influences the...
This paper investigates the measured impedance at the relaying point considering the transmission line capacitance by utilizing a double equivalent model, in the case of inter phase, phase to phase and three phase, faults. The distance relay ideal tripping characteristic is presented and investigated. The measured impedance at the relaying point and the ideal tripping characteristic are compared with...
This paper presents a modified distance protection due to the presence of STATic synchronous COMpensator (STATCOM), one of the shunt connected Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices. The presence of STATCOM on a transmission line has a great influence on the measured impedance at the relaying point. The measured impedance itself depends on the power system structural conditions,...
Distance relays are widely used as main and back-up protection for transmission lines. Their operation is based on impedance measurement at the relaying point, which can be affected by several factors, including pre-fault line loading and short circuit levels at the line ends. Continues demand for electricity energy leads to increase in short circuit levels along the power systems, which itself causes...
This paper discusses the impact of a directly connected load to transmission lines, without switching and protective facilities, on distance relays at the line ends, by means of presenting the measured impedance at the relaying point and the distance relay ideal tripping characteristic. The measured impedance at the relaying point is affected by several factors, including the line structural and pre-fault...
This paper presents the measured impedance by a distance relay with positive sequence voltage memory in the presence of thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC), one of the series connected FACTS devices, on a transmission line. The measured impedance by distance relay is affected by the system structural conditions, pre-fault loading, and the ground fault resistance, as well as the presence...
Distance protection is not utilized in distribution networks, unlike the transmission systems, due to the inherent characteristic of the distribution networks and the additional required facilities of distance protection, compared with over-current protection, which is in use in the distribution systems. This paper discusses the measured impedance by six elements of distance relay first zone applied...
This paper presents the effects of Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC), one of the series connected Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices, on the measured impedance at the relaying point in the case of inter phase, phase to phase and three phase, faults. The measured impedance at the relaying point is affected by several factors, including the line pre-fault loading,...
This paper discusses the distance relay ideal tripping characteristic in the presence of unified power flow controller (UPFC), one of flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices on the next line and pays especial attention to the distance relay over-reaching problem. This is done by presenting the measured impedance at the relaying point in the presence of UPFC at the near end...
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