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Nickel (Ni) contamination in soil is a widespread problem in this era of industrial development. Plant cultivars respond differentially to Ni contamination in soil. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of different Ni levels to the growth and mineral status of two wheat cultivars (Sehar‐2006 and LU‐26). Five different levels of Ni as NiSO4 · 4 H2O (0, 30, 45, 60, and 75 mg kg−1) were...
The critical environmental parameters affecting plant growth in the greenhouse are temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide, nutrition, availability of water, and the growing media. From these factors, temperature is of primary importance to most growers because it is responsible for determining the reaction rates of various metabolic processes involved in plant growth, and also regulating temperature...
Heavy metals are important factors influencing plants' growth and physiology, sustainable agriculture and ecological environment. Heavy metal research is thus an important topic in environmental sciences for soil eco-toxicological diagnosis and ecological risk assessment. In this chapter, Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) was used to investigate the damage of wheat seedlings caused by lead and...
Plant growth and microbial change in iron mine tailings were detected under controlled conditions in laboratory. Three crops, soybean, corn and grain sorghum, were used in the experiment for testing the adaptation of three crops on iron mine tailings. Cow manure vermicompost (25%, V:V) was added into iron mine tailings for improve the poor fertility of mine tailings. The results showed that corn and...
In the evaluation of the comprehensive effects of electric field on plant growth, it is very difficult to tell how importance on 1 milligram/liter of chlorophyll comparing with 1 centimeter of root length. In addition, even if these two indexes' weight can be determined, but when these two indexes are synthesized into an index, the individual information of chlorophyll and root length will be lost...
Summary form only given. Non-thermal plasma technology was used to evaluate the effect of exposure on growth plant of berseem crop (Egyptian clover). The exposure system that was used to generate plasma radiations is the atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ). This system produces a high flux stream of reactive chemical species at atmospheric pressure and low temperature. The clover seeds were divided...
Modeling heterogeneity in field crops is a key issue for a better characterization of field production. This paper presents some experimental data on sugar beet illustrating this heterogeneity. Several sources of individual variability within plant populations are identified: namely, initial condition (seed biomass, emergence delay), genetic variability (including phyllochron) and environment (including...
Nitrogen is fundamental for plant growth. In cereals, growing grains represent a strong sink that triggers nitrogen remobilisation from vegetative organs and results in plant death. A better understanding of this mechanism would help in optimizing crop productivity while reducing fertilization. This work presents an experimental analysis and a process-based model of the spatiotemporal nitrogen distribution...
Functional-structural Plant Models are interesting tools to study interactions between architecture and environmental conditions. In the case of Winter Oilseed Rape (WOSR), we need a plant model that accounts for the role of source:sink relationships in the architectural development. GreenLab model is a good candidate because it was already used to evidence interactions between source:sink relationships...
Function-Structure Plant models (FSPM) seem attractive to better understand the complex interactions between plant growth, canopy morphogenesis, and epidemics. Epidemics are driven by climate factors and among them, temperature is known to play a major role. Thus, weather station measurement is commonly used to drive epidemics models. However, the relationship between climate and within-canopy microclimate...
Background and Aims: This paper aims at studying the capacity of an individual-based morphogenetic crop model of sugar beet growth - GreenLab - to predict the effects of population density on growth and yield. Methods: A field experiment was carried out for three homogeneous population densities to measure detailed plant development and growth of one cultivar. A set of in situ measurements were used...
R/FR (red to far-red ratio) is a key light signal for plants to detect the oncoming competition and initiate the shade avoidance syndrome. This study is aim to simulate the R/FR signal received by maize plants based on a 3D canopy radiative model. Optical properties of maize leaf were characterized by an adapted Cook-Torrance model for reflectance and a Lambert model for transmittance. Virtual maize...
In the present study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the ameliorative effects of sewage sludge on maize grown in acid soils by measuring plant growth and physiological responses. The sewage sludge had higher pH and organic matter than red soil, thus the application of sewage sludge significantly increased soil pH and decreased monomeric aluminum (Al) concentration in soil solution....
MicroRNAs represent a class of non-coding endogenous small RNAs ~22 nt in length that play important regulatory roles in plant growth and development. Although an explosive increase in number of plant miRNAs have been documented in recent years, by cloning or computational approaches, only limited miRNAs have been reported in potato, which is an important crop worldwide. By searching the known miRNAs...
In high latitude environments, maize grain filling occurs when light is decreasing and water availability may be limiting. An improvement in cold tolerance would allow earlier sowing and thus a better fit of the crop growth cycle to the environment. A field experiment with two planting dates was conducted using four maize inbred lines of temperate or highland-tropical origins. Early sowing had a major...
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