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Various cities in the Philippines have started to prohibit the use of plastic bags and packaging materials in favor of paper products for waste disposal and management reasons. This study evaluated the soundness of these initiatives based on life-cycle analysis (LCA) framework. While a number of studies have looked at similar issues in other countries, results may not be entirely valid in the Philippines...
This paper investigates the possibility of utilizing household generated biomass as a source of renewable energy to meet partial energy demand in the urban household in Bangladesh. The work proposes utilization of biogas generated by anaerobic digestion from urban waste using a small scale biogas digester. Three different systems that use biogas for operation, namely — gas operated light bulbs, gas...
In all the countries and regions such as Brazil, European Union and India where biomass energy has been very successfully developed, it is common that they have rich biomass resources and all take good use of these resources according to their reserve and distribution. If the biomass energy is wanted to well develop, it is necessary that to analyze the situation of biomass resources. In the paper,...
The rice husk briquette fuel option is found to be the most environment friendly in the study area compared to wood fuel, natural gas and kerosene. The annual saving of CO2 is found to be 16.42 ?? 103 tonne by using 100% briquette fuel instead of 100% wood fuel (non-sustainable source) in the study area that would be US$197.04 ?? 103 worth annually. The cost of CO2 reduction is found to be -0.77 US$/ton...
Pro-Alcool the National Alcohol Program began in 1975 and was a government financed program, developed on account of the petrol crisis of 1973, and fortified due to the second impact of 1979. This program aimed to substitute gasoline with ethanol from sugar cane on a grand scale, thereby reducing the dependence on imported petroleum. During the decades to follow, as the international price of petrol...
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