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Optical Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networks based on fixed grid technology have exposed some questions, including wasting of bandwidth resources in multi-domain heterogeneous networks. Flexible grid technologies can provide end-to-end optical path according to the client flexibly and effectively. However, it is unpractical to deploy a one-time green-field flexible grid technologies subjected...
An optical signal gets distorted when it travels along the fiber optic transmission system. This mainly due to dispersion, this is one of the most important problems in the optical fiber transmission system. One approach used to compensate dispersion is Dispersion Compensating Fiber (DCF). In this paper Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) system is implemented using DCF. This WDM system is analyzed...
The number of mobile users is increasing rapidly, 3GPP initiated a new technology 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE is an enabling technology as a solution to the problem of network capacity and quality in areas that have a high demand like Sleman. The quality of LTE networks are supported by backbone and distribution network. This paper describes the designing of fiber optic network as the LTE backbone...
In an all-optical WDM network; optical fibers are used to transmit data followed by WDM technology. An optical fiber carries light along its length path at high rates and with little loss. Several wavelengths on a single fiber can be used to transfer data, when using wavelength-division multiplexing. In this way, several data transmissions at very high speed can take place on a single fiber. The routing...
Optical fiber is considered an interesting transmission medium due to its capability to transport big volumes of data at high speed. Fiber optic networks have revolutionized communications, making engineers and scientists worldwide dedicate efforts researching and developing new methods and technologies to improve this type of networks. Computational models and dedicated network simulation software...
The ever increasing global Internet traffic is resulting in a serious upgrade of the current optical networks' capacity. The legacy infrastructure can be enhanced not only by increasing the capacity, but also by adopting advance modulation formats, having increased spectral efficiency at higher data rate. In a mixed-line-rate (MLR) optical network, different line rates, on different wavelengths, can...
This paper describes the concept of the digital baseband signal broadcasting of ultra-high definition (UHD) video over an analog/digital hybrid network. It also provides, as an exemplary feasibility study, system designs for WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) overlay of 10 Gbps digital baseband signal on an analog optical network based on frequency modulation conversion.
The network has become essential to all aspects of modern life and thus the consequences of network disruption have become increasingly severe. It is widely recognized that the generally network is not sufficiently resilient, survivable, highly available and dependable and that significant research, development and engineering is necessary to improve the situation. This paper describes the high level...
Optical networks based on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology offers the promise to satisfy the bandwidth requirement of the Internet infrastructure, and provide the bandwidth needs of future applications in the local and wide area networks. Traffic streams from users generally (in Mbps) have a data-rate that is far less than bandwidth of optical fibers (in Tbps) or that of a light-path...
Telecommunication networks have had massive transitions from circuit switched networks to pure optical networks. Pure optical wavelength routed networks are the future of backbone networks. These networks incorporate technologies like dense wavelength division multiplexing and generalized multiprotocol labeled switching for its control plane. To optimize these networks, efficient traffic engineering,...
We analyze the energy efficiency of optical transport networks considering both embodied and operational energy. Significant energy savings and GHG emission reductions are achieved by combining flexible techniques on the digital and optical domains.
In Optical communication network pulse broadening due to chromatic dispersion becoming an important factor for signal degradation. This may become worse when the data transmission rate keep increasing. So in order to achieve high data transmission rate at long span-length light wave system, the chromatic dispersion in the fiber must be compensated. Many compensation techniques have been demonstrated...
The advances in Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology have tremendously increased the bandwidth of a single fiber optic, for local and metropolitan area network (LAN and MAN). This paper presents and discusses a new network environment that is multiple optical channel, which coupled Ethernet with WDM to decrease the average queuing delay and increases the normalized throughput. The performances...
This article evaluates the performance of Wavelength Division Multiplex (WDM) networks considering two different modes of photonic Switching: Optical Packet Switching (OPS) and Optical Circuit Switching (OCS). A resource distribution planning is proposed including wavelength/amplifier allocation to improve the blocking probability and to ensure signal quality. The present study considered the effects...
Software Defined Networking offers network programmability through open Application Programming Interfaces (API) and OpenFlow is the most prominent SDN protocol today. However, it is still quite immature and some concepts and features are missing for application in carrier transport networks. In this paper the authors will give an overview of current activities and latest results of the OFELIA project...
Future optical networks need flexible and large-scale optical cross-connect systems that can support the ever-increasing Internet traffic and advanced wavelength services. Recent advances in system development and the challenges tackled are presented.
Internet traffic is growing exponentially day by day. Internet consumes a large amount of energy about 1–2% of world's total electricity. One of the challenging constraints for the growth of internet will be its energy consumption. An approach to decrease energy consumption of internet is to deploy optical technologies based on WDM. Power consumption can be minimized by applying power saving strategies...
Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) technology, by which multiple optical channels can be simultaneously transmitted at different wavelengths through a single optical fiber, is a useful means of making full use of the low-loss characteristics of optical fibers over a wide-wavelength region. The present day multifunction RADARs with multiple transmit receive modules requires various kinds of signal...
The exponential traffic growth and the increasing complexity of WDM networks demand a more sophisticated control protocol that will provide a more efficient use of optical network capacity. Many researchers propose to extend GMPLS protocol suite to activate WDM networks, such as by enhancing OSPF-TE, RSVP-TE, etc., the decentralization of control functions is also an inevitable trend of developing...
A hybrid optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) over wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system is proposed for supporting large numbers of subscriber for fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) network. The system combines two different techniques, namely OCDMA and WDM in order to support many subscribers simultaneously. In this study, the modified double weight (MDW) code is used as signature address...
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