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Governments and agencies worldwide have used social welfare programmes as a means of improving the lives of vulnerable people. In Latin America and the Caribbean, conditional cash transfers (CCTs) have been used to change the dynamics of responsibility between state and beneficiary by instituting conditionalities. In order to maintain the integrity of these programmes, social workers are required...
Under the new historical condition, strengthening the communication and popularization of science and technology is both the requirement to implement the national development strategy and need for social development as well as the basis and key point for the development of popularization of science itself. Relevant data of five characteristic indexes, talents, funds, place, communication and activity...
Malnutrition in children is a serious problem globally and is far more significant in developing countries. According to UNICEF reports, globally 101 million children of age below five years are underweight. Being a developing nation, India ranks 2nd in child malnutrition, which is an alarming fact as child malnutrition has a long term negative impact on country's economic growth. The Government of...
This paper wants to provoke the people showing a new research field of application of Soft Computing Techniques. In this case we propose Fuzzy Inference Systems. This type of approach has never been applied to problems of International affairs or to Intelligence and Security. This research is proposed by a research Centre on Fuzzy Logic born at Link Campus University in Rome*. The problem we face...
Interactive learning as a method can definitely contribute to the quality of higher education by using advanced technologies. It has been proven that interactive learning outperforms traditional ways of teaching. In addition, the time required for participants to adapt to new methods is minimal. Interactive teaching generates skills that are equally important for academic, social and business success...
A methodology to construct ordinal preferences from multiple objectives for multiple participants in a conflict is proposed. The methodology combines value focused thinking, the analytic hierarchy process, criteria satisficing, and relative weighting and prioritization schemes to order states of a conflict. Compared to conventional methods of utility and optimization, application of the proposed methodology...
Due to inconsistent objectives and asymmetric information, serious principal-agent problems often occur between private business owners and their professional managers. The first problem of the principal-agent problem in private businesses is monitoring, i.e., the problem of asymmetric information, while the second probelem is the incentive-constraint problem based on the monitoring. Only effective...
The study of career decision making developed from the stage of concerning about relevant factors in decision making to the stage of concerning about decision-making itself, from the stage of concerning about the match of human being and environment to the stage of concerning about the limited rational decision of individuals on multi-stages in micro view. Although the two paradigms have quite different...
Aiming to the problems of social risk in overseas projects, this paper established social risk early warning model. Social risk earning warning index system was divided into five types of “political risks”, “economic risks”, “cultural risks”, “social risks”, “force majeure”, including 5 primary indicators, 13 secondary indicators, and 31 observable indicators. The research selected "AHP-Entropy...
With universities expanding the enrollment, the situation that university students obtain employment is grim day by day, especially for graduate of economic management specialities in common universities as they are easier to suffer from the pressure of seeking for job opportunities. In order to go with the stream, the implementing plan for “2+1+1” do-pioneering-work pattern is advanced, as selecting...
After 30 years development, China rural labors migration has presented the quite clear gradual characteristics along with the evolution of employment policies and migration policies from the government. Using the existing data, from the angle of view of flowing quantity, flowing to areas and industries, income level change in different areas, this paper obtains new characteristics of rural labors...
On the basis of principal-agent model and production function, we derivate solution method of productivity parameters by Shareholders maximize expected total surplus. Using the productivity parameters of total assets and managerial ownership, we research the relationship between asset structure, managerial ownership and firm value. In our sample of 745 firm-year data in 1999–2006, we find that the...
Legal aid for the "Second Generation" Rural Migrant Workers at present has become an important aspect of legal aids for Rural Migrant Workers. The "Second Generation" Rural Migrant Workers, as a new group of Rural Migrant Workers, has some legal views such as unfamiliarity with the legal provisions, poor sense of taking evidence, doubt about the law, and indifference to abide the...
The global economic was attacked with Financial Tsunami, and is still in great turmoil today. The major causes must include over-expansion of financial derivative instrument. The nature of financial derivative instrument is positive. According to the existing theories, systematic risk monitor indexes are built and transferred into layer-structured model of AHP by certain intrinsic mechanism, and moreover,...
Based on agency theory, this study discusses how a firm arranges its controlling shareholders' shares in order to eliminate the expropriation on minority shareholders. The study finds that the controlling shareholders' shares should at least exceed some proportion. The stronger the level of internal monitoring is, the higher the quality of external governance mechanism is, the lower the lowest controlling...
With the explosive growth or population and rapid development of economy, basic farmland conservation and the management of cultivated land resources have been paid more and more attention by researchers and government. The content of cultivated land resource grid management and its function were analyzed. According to the goal of cultivated land resource management system and the architecture of...
Energy is Chinese colleges and universities teaching, scientific research, teachers and students necessary life important material foundation, Chinese universities energy management of category is coal, natural gas, water, electricity, petroleum products and other consumer as the main body of the management. At present, China has more than 2,000 university, nearly 30 million college students, more...
This study sets out to examine three issues: whether financially distressed firms are more likely to manipulate their earnings, whether the board of directors of these firms has a low level of independence, and whether the opinion of their auditors reflects the possibility of financial distress. This study uses a dataset of listed firms and de-listed firms from 1997 to 2007 to examine various factors...
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