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Plate tectonics is the governing theory that unifies the Earth Sciences and is unique to Earth. The sinking of lithosphere in subduction zones drives plate tectonics but exactly how and why subduction begins (subduction initiation, SI) remains enigmatic. Most SI models require exploitation of existing lithospheric weaknesses but these are now produced by plate tectonics; so how did the first subduction...
Basaltic lavas of Turonian to Coniacian age belonging to the Bath–Dunrobin Formation occur with intercalated island arc tuffs in the south of the Blue Mountain inlier, have been interpreted as being derived from the Caribbean oceanic plateau. This study presents new major and trace element and Sr–Pb–Nd–Hf isotopic data for these igneous rocks. The Jamaican rocks are altered by tropical weathering,...
The generation of the continental crust may be connected to mantle plume activity. However, the nature of this link, and the processes involved, are not well constrained. An obstacle to understanding relationships between plume-related mafic material and associated silicic rocks is that later tectonic movements are liable to obscure the original relationships, particularly in ancient greenstone belts...
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