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This study was based on developing Li(Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3-xBax)O2 (x = 0.04, 0.08, 0.11, 0.22, and 0.33) materials by substituting expensive Co with Ba, for the use in the cathode of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Glycine-nitrate combustion method, which is a low-cost combustion technique, was employed to synthesize spherical shaped micron size secondary particles formed by densely agglomerated...
LiFePO4 is a promising cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, but its inferior tap density leads to low-volumetric energy density of Li-ion batteries. This work reports that lithium amount can tune the particle-size distribution and tap density of the Li1 + xFePO4/C (x = 0–0.16) composites prepared via a wet chemistry method followed by carbon thermal reduction reaction. Excess lithium effectively...
Organic small molecule materials have attracted extensive attention due to their environmentally friendly, sustainability, and low cost which can be obtained from biomass and recyclable resources for Li/Na-ion batteries. However, the intrinsic poor electronic conductivities and the dissolution in organic liquid electrolyte lead to poor electrochemical performance, thus preventing them from practical...
To obtain the optimal hydrogen-driven chemical reaction process for the preparation of Mg2Si as an anodic material of Li-ion batteries, the effects of the dehydrogenation temperatures on the structure and electrochemical properties are systematically investigated. The results indicate that Mg2Si prepared by isothermal dehydrogenation at 310 and 330 °C exhibit better cycling stability than the samples...
The current literature generally reports the relationship between particle size and electrochemical performance of carbon-coated LiFePO 4 (LFP). However, besides the factor of particle size, the quality of carbon coating will affect the electrochemical performance of LiFePO 4 simultaneously. Logistically, each independent equation is solvable when it contains just one...
Grinding, general incipient wetness and competitive incipient wetness were investigated on the preparation of LiFePO4/C (LFP) composites from precipitated FePO4 precursor. This article focuses on the fundamental details of mixing processes for LFP production, of which the literature is sparse. The structure features of LiFePO4/C composites were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), while the morphologies...
An experimental study of the thermolysis mechanism of FeC2O4, NH4H2PO4, Li2CO3, and citric acid from the viewpoint of the usage of a mixture of these compounds in lithium power engineering for the solid-state synthesis of LiFePO4 and its composite with carbon LiFePO4/C as well as comparison of experimental data with thermodynamic calculations were made in the temperature range from 25 up to 1,000 °C...
Cation-substituted LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 sample is synthesized from purified laterite lixivium, without any extraction process. ICP analysis shows that partial Cr, Mg, and Al element incorporate in the compound. XRD and Rietveld refinement shows that proper Cr, Mg, and Al co-substitution could lead to a synergistic reaction to form a kind of highly ordered layered LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 with low Ni/Li...
Layered lithium ion battery cathode material LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 with uniform particle size of about 6 μm was synthesized by a spray pyrolysis method. Infrared and X-ray diffraction analyses show that the pyrolysis at 1,000 °C for 2 s in the tube furnace eliminates nearly all the organic components but is still not enough for the complete crystallization of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 materials. Therefore,...
The InSn4 intermetallic powders are synthesized via carbothermal reduction route from In2O3 and SnO2. The reaction possibility is estimated by thermodynamic calculation. Pure InSn4 intermetallic powders with spherical morphology can be obtained at 900 °C in flowing nitrogen. The micro-sized InSn4 particle is actually composed of a large number of nano-sized grains with polycrystalline and loose structure...
Lithium manganese oxide powders have been successfully prepared by a molten salt synthesis using eutectic mixture of LiCl and MnO2 salt at 900 °C. The synthesis was performed in open atmosphere. The crystalline powders were characterized for their phase identification using X-ray diffraction analysis. The physicochemical properties of the lithium manganese oxide powders are investigated by thermal...
A new member of the family of garnets with fast lithium ion conduction has been found with the composition Li7La3Hf2O12. The anion arrangement corresponds to the oxygen framework in garnets, e.g., in Ca3Fe2Si3O12. Hafnium is coordinated octahedrally while the lanthanum environment can be described as a distorted cube. Lithium occupies a large number of positions with tetrahedral, trigonal planar,...
ZrO2-coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 materials were prepared by hydroxide precipitation. The structure and electrochemical properties of the ZrO2-coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 were investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and charge–discharge tests, indicating that the lattice structure of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 were unchanged after the coating but the cycling stability was improved...
Phase inversion technique was used to prepare poly(acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate) [P(AN-MMA)]-based microporous gel electrolyte with addition of SiO2 via in-situ composition for Li-ion batteries. The P(AN-MMA) was synthesized by emulsion polymerization and was dissolved into N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to form a uniform solution, while tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was added into the solution...
We present a review of the structural properties of LiFePO4. Depending on the mode of preparation, different impurities can poison this material. These impurities are identified and a quantitative estimate of their concentrations is deduced from the combination of X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and magnetic measurements. An optimized preparation...
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