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A WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) is made out of various number of hubs each of which comprise of detecting gadgets or sensing device to gather information from environment. These detecting gadgets are given processing unit to perform operations on information. These gadgets are conveyed arbitrarily in remote environment, because of which battery charging or substitution is not viewed as down to earth...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) comprises a large number of tiny sensor nodes. These nodes are intelligent of sensing and monitoring the environmental or physical condition like temperature, sound, pressure, motion, etc. and communicating with other nodes. Sensor nodes in WSN have limited power and energy constraint hence it becomes necessary to efficiently use these resources. Energy consumption is...
Even after 16 years of existence, low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) protocol is still gaining the attention of the research community working in the area of wireless sensor network (WSN). This itself shows the importance of this protocol. Researchers have come up with various and diverse modifications of the LEACH protocol. Successors of LEACH protocol are now available from single...
Wireless sensor network consists of various nodes that are basically used for the calculation and transmission of the data. These nodes are battery powered due to which energy of a node plays a vital role. The amount of the energy used up by any node while the data is transmitted, it needs to be optimized so that the less amount of energy is consumed. The efficiency of the WSN depends on the numerous...
A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an experimental advance technology zigzag enables users to intertwine govern prole vigorous order of their geographical deliver thus stray then referred to as a tuning of fewer networks. A Hoop-la-hoc raucous is an adaptive, self-organizing tackle in mutable, ought to be accomplished to Hawks haw the publication of Dick successive apparatus zigzag pull off fundamental...
Recent advancement in wireless communications and electronics has enabled the development of low-cost sensor networks. The sensor networks can be used for various application areas (e.g., health, military, home). Wireless sensor networks consist of small nodes with sensing, computation, and wireless communications capabilities. Many routing, power management, and data dissemination protocols have...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) contain some of sensor nodes which interact with others through physical parameters like sunlight, wind, vibration, humidity etc. From Base Station (BS) Sensor node sends and receives data to or from wireless stations. Clustering schemes in WSN are two types homogeneous schemes and heterogeneous schemes. In Homogeneous scheme initial energy is same for each node but in...
The energy in wireless sensor networks is a restrictive resource which primarily affects the life of nodes. Many routing protocols use clustering mechanism to optimize the network lifetime. A problem can occur if the allocation of cluster members is not uniformly distributed. In case of LEACH protocol there are great differences in cluster sizes. Consequently, the energy load of such network becomes...
LEACH protocol called Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy, is a protocol that allows the formation of distributed cluster. In each cluster, LEACH randomly selects some sensor nodes called cluster heads (CHs). The selection of CHs is made with a probabilistic calculation. It is supposed that each non-CH node joins a cluster and becomes a cluster member. Nevertheless, some CHs can be concentrated...
Energy consumption is one of the constraints in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The routing protocols are the hot areas to address quality-of-service (QoS) related issues, viz., energy consumption, network lifetime, network scalability, and packet overhead. The key issue in WSN is that these networks suffer from the packet overhead, which is the root cause of more energy consumption and degrade the...
Extended network lifetime and load balancing are important requirements for many WSN applications. There are many clustering routing schemes for homogeneous proactive and reactive WSNs but they suffer from the problem of uneven load distribution and back transmission. This paper presents an energy efficient load balanced clustering scheme with away cluster head (ACH) scheme and free association mechanism...
Wireless sensor networks are characterized by their sensitivity to complex routing protocols that waste energy. In fact, many ad hoc protocols were experimentally proven to be inconvenient for this type of networks. MR-LEACH is a protocol that governs the sensors data transfer to the base station in a multi-hop hierarchical manner. However, the hierarchical clustering does not achieve a high performance...
Wireless Sensor Network is an infrastructure less network consisting of small, lightweight, low power, and inexpensive wireless sensor nodes which gather and propagate the environmental data. Different routing protocols have been proposed for wireless sensor networks for efficient routing. Each protocol has its own way of routing which vary from each other in terms of the parameters selected or the...
A wireless sensing element network consists of hundred to thousands of little sensing element nodes that have restricted energy, all told forms of network Energy's attention is a {very important} issue and during this it is very important for planning protocols. This paper discusses the common cluster protocol and improve cluster head choice criteria. By LEACH protocol cluster head is chosen on random...
The increased interest in use and area of Wireless sensor networks(WSN) have led to designing of many new routing protocols in which energy awareness is of great consideration. In this paper LEACH and its two variants LEACH-E, LEACH-EX is analyzed by simulation. Their performance is compared by varying parameters such as initial energy, probability of CH node election and size of the packet.
Due to lack of power source, energy is the key concern area in Wireless Sensor Networks. Maximum energy is used in transmission of data. Many research works have been done to develop routing algorithms to increase the lifetime of a sensor network. Among them clustering based approach is well known for achieving energy efficiency. This paper proposes a new routing strategy based on hierarchical routing...
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), reducing sensor node energy consumption and increasing network lifetime are becoming more and more challenging due to large scale. Hierarchical protocols, especially Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), are considered as the best energy-efficient for WSNs. However, LEACH need to be enhanced to support scalability in large WSNs. In this paper, we propose...
An energy efficient routing protocol is the major concern in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In this paper, we describe LEACH routing protocol and some of its new versions. After that we propose an energy efficient hierarchical routing protocol, developed from LEACH. The basic concept involved in increasing energy efficiency and hence lifetime is to keep radio communication distance as minimum as...
This paper proposed a EELP (Energy Efficient LEACH Protocol) routing protocol based on LEACH. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) is seminal work in the area of clustering-based protocol, proposed by W.B. Heinzelman. In EELP, all nodes are organized sequentially in the rooms of the apartments of a multi-story building. In this protocol, cluster head (CH) selection is determined as the...
Advancement in wireless sensor network gives scope of research in the field of designing routing protocol. In this paper evolution of routing protocol is described with its important classification for wireless sensor network. Energy efficient and reliability are two most important factors while designing the routing protocol. Here survey of different classification of routing protocol is done with...
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