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Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) comprises a large number of tiny sensor nodes. These nodes are intelligent of sensing and monitoring the environmental or physical condition like temperature, sound, pressure, motion, etc. and communicating with other nodes. Sensor nodes in WSN have limited power and energy constraint hence it becomes necessary to efficiently use these resources. Energy consumption is...
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), efficient use of the nodes' available energy is the main goal which most of the routing protocols seek to achieve. In fact, clustering based routing protocols have gained vast approval due to its merit of less energy exhaustion. The expended energy by one cluster is divided into two main terms, namely, the expended energy in intra-cluster communication (Intra-term)...
Recent advancement in wireless communications and electronics has enabled the development of low-cost sensor networks. The sensor networks can be used for various application areas (e.g., health, military, home). Wireless sensor networks consist of small nodes with sensing, computation, and wireless communications capabilities. Many routing, power management, and data dissemination protocols have...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) contain some of sensor nodes which interact with others through physical parameters like sunlight, wind, vibration, humidity etc. From Base Station (BS) Sensor node sends and receives data to or from wireless stations. Clustering schemes in WSN are two types homogeneous schemes and heterogeneous schemes. In Homogeneous scheme initial energy is same for each node but in...
Wireless sensor networks are one of the fast growing technologies in communication field, because of their compact size and ability to work in rugged conditions where human reach is not possible. This paper discusses about H-LEACH, which is used to solve problems of energy considerations while electing a channel head. H-LEACH considers residual and maximum energy of nodes for every round while electing...
Wireless sensor network is one of the developing ranges of research in present situation. A Wireless sensor network comprises of geographically dispersed self-governing tiny sensor nodes with little battery life to screen and control over the physical parameters or ecological conditions, for example, temperature, sound, pressure, humidity and so on and this data is gone by the sensor nodes in the...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are made up of tiny sensor nodes which sense the data and communicate to the base station via other nodes. These sensor nodes are inexpensive portable devices with limited processing power and energy resources which make them in need of smart clustering protocols. Many clustering and routing protocols were proposed in the literature to serve large networks of such tiny...
Wireless sensor networks are characterized by their sensitivity to complex routing protocols that waste energy. In fact, many ad hoc protocols were experimentally proven to be inconvenient for this type of networks. MR-LEACH is a protocol that governs the sensors data transfer to the base station in a multi-hop hierarchical manner. However, the hierarchical clustering does not achieve a high performance...
Wireless Sensor Network is an infrastructure less network consisting of small, lightweight, low power, and inexpensive wireless sensor nodes which gather and propagate the environmental data. Different routing protocols have been proposed for wireless sensor networks for efficient routing. Each protocol has its own way of routing which vary from each other in terms of the parameters selected or the...
The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) after their emergence have triggered many active research areas; not because of low-scale hardware design but also due to a wide spectrum of its potential applications being in day-to-day areas of our life. However, because of the ubiquitous and pervasive computing paradigm that the WSNs foster and because of the resource constrained characteristic, security &...
Many research topics in recent years have focused on clustering algorithms as a scalable routing protocol in wireless sensor networks. In these algorithms, by the use of data aggregation techniques and reduction in sensors that should make long distance communications, energy consumption in total network lifetime is decreased. One of algorithms proposed in this field is DECSA. Aiming at the problem...
Wireless sensor networks have gained major attention from most of the recent research community. One of the important issues in this type of networks is the inherent limited power of the network sensor nodes. Hierarchical routing protocols are incorporate of efficiently balancing the load on the sensor nodes. But, dice the death of some nodes to the network begins to deteriorate more and more. This...
As with the cases of other works in routing protocols of wireless sensor networks, the focus of this research is power efficiency and thus achieving increased network lifetime so that the sensor network can be used for a longer period of time. Here we proposed a all new concept of two hop low power transmission of data between the cluster head and sink in case of clustering based routing protocols...
An energy efficient routing protocol is the major concern in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In this paper, we describe LEACH routing protocol and some of its new versions. After that we propose an energy efficient hierarchical routing protocol, developed from LEACH. The basic concept involved in increasing energy efficiency and hence lifetime is to keep radio communication distance as minimum as...
This paper proposed a EELP (Energy Efficient LEACH Protocol) routing protocol based on LEACH. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) is seminal work in the area of clustering-based protocol, proposed by W.B. Heinzelman. In EELP, all nodes are organized sequentially in the rooms of the apartments of a multi-story building. In this protocol, cluster head (CH) selection is determined as the...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) performs energy extensive tasks and it is essential to rotate sensor nodes frequently so that Cluster Head selections can be made efficiently. In this paper, we aim to improve the lifetime of sensor network by using LEACH based protocols and efficiently utilizing the limited energy available in these sensor nodes. In sensor network, the amount of data delivered at the...
Wireless sensor networks(WSN) deploy a large number of sensor nodes in the monitoring region, collecting information which is sent to the target users by wireless means after simple treatment. As the wireless sensor nodes are usually deployed in inaccessible or high-risk areas and are in large numbers, replacing batteries becomes very difficult. The nodes are usually one-time battery-powered so there...
Hierarchical clustering algorithms are very important to increase the network's lifetime. In this paper we proposed Algorithm Routing Protocol based BCDCP and LEACH that called Inner Cluster Routing Protocol Wireless Sensor Network (ICRP), a new hierarchical clustering algorithm that have ability to create equal cluster with the same number of sensor like BCDCP method and then divided into small cluster...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a large network of sensor nodes, which operates in low power and capable of transmitting to a shorter distance with low bandwidth. It comprises of sensing unit, processing unit, memory unit, power supply and transceiver. As these sensor nodes are battery operated, the lifetime of the sensor node depends on the life of the battery. The sensor nodes in the network communicate...
In this paper, a novel secure routing protocol is proposed for wireless sensor networks in which sensor nodes as well as the base station are mobile. The protocol achieves security property through symmetric key cryptography and threshold key cryptography. An analysis of the security strengths of the protocol is presented. Simulation results show the throughput of the proposed protocol and a comparison...
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