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The causations of crimes that are relevant in the cyberspace concurrently impact in the physical space and vise versa. This paper aims to explore parents’ perceptions of the factors that cause socioeconomic cybercrime in Nigeria. Despite a long-standing view that the juvenile offenders of today could become the hardened criminals of tomorrow, and the conclusions of a number of developmental theories...
This chapter emphasizes the Routine Activity Theory approach in analyzing youth convergent settings as a crime‐place‐oriented focus. It shows a particular review of Routine Activity Theory by considering in historical and sociological perspective some of its core constructs. To understand juvenile delinquency, one always should ask whether somebody is watching at a particular place or nearby. Crime...
This chapter provides an overview of the research and theory on juvenile delinquency. First, it discusses the nature of delinquency, including changes in the view and treatment of juvenile offenders over time. Next, the chapter describes the extent of delinquency and the characteristics of delinquents. It then reviews the major theories of the causes of delinquency, as well as the research inspired...
Police have many responsibilities in their roles to protect and serve: crime prevention; crime intervention; and crime investigation. This chapter discusses characteristics of juvenile delinquents and police practices. Research on juvenile delinquency finds that minorities and economically disadvantaged males are overwhelmingly represented as suspected offenders in the criminal justice system. Recent...
The influence of neighborhoods on delinquency has been an enduring part of American criminology. Competing perspectives highlight diverse mechanisms operating at the neighborhood level to produce delinquency, including three processes that will be the focus of this chapter: weak institutional control, general strain, and cultural prescription. The chapter reviews the origins of theory supporting these...
This chapter examines juvenile delinquency and juvenile justice in India from a historical perspective, and provides a glimpse of evolution of the laws governing juveniles and legislative efforts intended to provide care and protection to the children in need and children in conflict with law from pre‐1850 to 2013. The history of the juvenile justice system in India can be divided into three time...
The chapter defines the concept of juvenile delinquency in China and points out that criminal offenses and violations of law are two different concepts in China. The legal basis for juvenile criminal responsibility is stipulated by Article 17 of the Criminal Law of China. The chapter reviews the nature and scope of juvenile delinquency in post‐revolutionary China. The chapter then elaborates on the...
This chapter highlights the particular role of genetics for understanding two social influences on juvenile delinquency‐peers and parents. It focuses on genetics because of the recent influx of the research in criminology focused on offending and delinquency relative to other biological variables. The chapter first provides an overview of sociological‐based theory and research that has emphasized...
Scholars have focused on the causes of juvenile delinquency since the origin of US criminology. The leading general theories of crime were grounded in analyses of data gathered from young adolescents. The basic thesis of this chapter is that the general theories of crime can never fully understand the reasons why African‐American youth engage in juvenile delinquency. Unnever and Gabbidon posit that...
This paper describes the development and validation of a dynamic multi-agent model to simulate social learning of adolescence-limited criminal behaviour. The parameters of the agent model have been calibrated using real-world data that has been collected in a large study. In addition, a measure for correctness has been developed. The validation shows that the developed model predicts delinquency substantially...
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