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In this paper, using a coplanar waveguide employing periodically arrayed ground structure (PAGS) on silicon substrate, highly miniaturized passive components were developed. Concretely, multi-section transformer, 90° hybrid coupler and ring hybrid coupler were highly miniaturized compared with conventional ones. The passive components showed good RF performances over broadband.
Branch-line and rat-race couplers are designed to have dual-band operation with arbitrary power division ratios. An elementary two-port is proposed to imitate the 90deg section at the two designated frequencies with different characteristic impedances. The two-port consists of a stepped-impedance section with open stubs attached to its two ends, and its circuit parameters are determined by the transmission...
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