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Design of a robust multimedia watermarking is a complex task, as there exists trade-off among robustness, perceptibility and achievable rate of reliable communications. Watermarking of digital media to get high robustness without perceptibility lost is a challenging task. In ordinary watermarking techniques it is not possible to detect the actual colluder unless the watermark signal is uniquely assigned...
In this paper, an adaptive spatial domain image watermarking scheme is proposed which embeds watermark information to the uneven bit depth salient image pixels. Watermarked image thus produced has better visual transparency with respect to human visual system (HVS) with high payload capacity. In proposed scheme, salient pixels are determined using the bottom-up Graph-Based Visual Saliency (GBVS) model...
Intuitionistic Fuzzy C-means (IFCM) is a robust clustering method which is based upon intuitionistic fuzzy set theory. It uses Euclidean distance as a distance metric, hence can only cluster hyper spherically distributed data-sets in data space or in feature space. FCM and KFCM with a new distance measure (FCM-σ and KFCM-σ) can detect non-hyperspherical clusters in data space and feature space but...
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