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This article concerns reliability assessment of an electricity distribution substation surge protection system, composed of surge arresters. For this purpose a reliability analysis is performed and also a surge protection system reliability mathematical model is suggested. Based on it mathematical formulae are worked out intended for practical calculation of proper reliability indices values. The...
This paper introduces the scheme for protection based on the needs of DG growth and automatic device control, which is to minimize fault duration, to prevent the DG damage by changing the substation grounding mode, configuration of protective device, the scheme for fixed value setting, automatic switch-on device and low-frequency low-voltage separation mode. Among them, the corresponding "Islands"...
Earth fault management in medium voltage networks involves assessing of customer interruptions, challenges in fault clearing processes and safety issues. The major advantage by allowing sustained earth faults is the avoidance of customer interruptions. However, the network operation with sustained earth faults does not only include welfare. The paper will generally discuss the advantages and disadvantages...
In a rapidly developing metropolitan city like Mumbai, land is scarce and if available, at very high premium which requires innovative solutions to expand/renovate existing substations to meet the increasing power demand economically with high reliability. This poses various challenges for the utility in terms of improving reliability and availability of the network, reducing life-cycle costs, reducing...
The subject of stray voltage, once mentioned only in relation to dairy farms, has today become an issue in the industry for other reasons, not the least of which is safety. The general reduction of industry participation in the standards-writing function of the IEEE has created a situation in which nonprofessionals, such as state legislators and lawyers, are rewriting definitions and creating new...
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