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eCST (enriched Concrete Syntax Tree) is introduced as a fundament of SSQSA (Set of Software Quality Static Analyzers) platform for consistent static quality analysis across the input languages. It is based on the concept of enrichment of the complete syntax tree representing the input program by universal nodes. Universal nodes are based on the idea of imaginary nodes in an abstract syntax tree, but...
Fuzz testing and symbolic test generation both face their own challenges. While symbolic testing has scalability issues, fuzzing cannot uncover faults which require carefully engineered inputs. In this paper I propose a combination of both approaches, compensating weaknesses of each approach with the strength of the other approach. I present my plans for evaluation, which include applications of the...
Grammar has always occupied an important area in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and is considered foundational to communication. However, grammar only can represent fragments of thoughts, and the complete communication of ideas must be based on grammatical structure. As such, Chinese grammatical structure is foundational to learning the language. In teaching materials, grammar lessons should...
One of the main problems faced by blind learners is a lack of drawing technologies that support images and diagram drawing without the help of a sighted support worker. Even though some technologies have been experimented with in the past, blind learners have not been keen on tactile drawing due to: the difficulty of the drawing task, the length of time taken to complete a simple task, and the inefficiency...
Nowadays, most of the data on the Web is still in the form of unstructured text. Knowledge extraction from unstructured text is highly desirable but extremely challenging due to the inherent ambiguity of natural language. In this article, we present an architecture of an information extraction system based on the concept of Embedded Controlled Language that allows for extracting formal semantic knowledge...
Recently, grammar-based fuzzers have been proposed to automate the generation of testing data. Grammar-based fuzzers differ from traditional fuzzers because the fuzzer is provided a grammatical definition of the test objective for the system under test. A novel fuzzer, Policy Generator (PG), is introduced. PG utilizes a number of heuristic techniques to improve space coverage over existing fuzzers...
The Object Constraint Language (OCL) is commonly used for constraints in meta-model-based language specifications. However, it may be advantageous to have a domain-specific constraint meta-language optimised for language specifications. A survey of OCL usage in language specifications has been performed, in order to gain an understanding of common constraint patterns. This is used as a starting point...
Model transformations are helpful to evolve, refactor, refine and maintain models. While domain-specific languages are normally intuitive for modelers, common model transformation approaches (regardless of whether they transform graphical or textual models) are based on the modeling language's abstract syntax requiring the modeler to learn the internal representation of the model to describe transformations...
In the Model-Driven Engineering community, the abstract syntax of modeling languages is usually defined and implemented using metamodeling techniques. However, it is not the case for the concrete syntax of graphical modeling languages. Indeed, this concern is mostly specified by informal means. This practice leaves considerable leeway in the implementation and raises several standards compliance issues...
Building models of safety-critical interactive systems (in healthcare, transport, avionics and finance, to name but a few) as part of the design process is essential. It is also advised for non-safety critical interactive systems if we want to be certain they will behave as intended in all circumstances. However, modelling interactive systems is also challenging. The levels of complexity in modern...
We present a new CEGAR-based algorithm for QBF. The algorithm builds on a decomposition of QBFs into a sequence of propositional formulas, which we call the clausal abstraction. Each of the propositional formulas contains the variables of just one quantifier level and additional variables describing the interaction with adjacent quantifier levels. This decomposition leads to a simpler notion of refinement...
Tools that support development of parsers often concentrate on concrete syntax, leaving abstract syntax defined only implicitly. On the other hand there are projectional language workbenches that give central role to language model (abstract syntax) at the cost of locking a language to the concrete tool. In this paper we present YAJCo parser generator that uses model-centered approach to language...
The tight coupling between language design and language processing in traditional language processing tools is avoided by model-based parser generators such as ModelCC. By decoupling language specification from language processing, ModelCC avoids the limitations imposed by traditional parser generators, which constrain language designers to specific kinds of grammars. Apart from providing an alternative...
Model transformation is a key concept in model-driven software engineering. The definition of model transformations is usually based on meta-models describing the abstract syntax of languages. While meta-models are thereby able to abstract from superfluous details of concrete syntax, they often loose structural information inherent in languages, like information on model elements always occurring...
The SQL injection attack is one of the major threats to web applications. Through malicious inputs, attackers can cause data leakage and damage, and even remote code execution on the victim servers. A common solution is to use input sanitizers to filter out inputs that can result in SQL injection attacks. In this paper, we propose a novel solution, SQLR, to validate SQL sanitizers by systematically...
SPARQL queries have become the current state of the art for querying linked open data repositories. Given the difficulties to create such queries by non-expert users, interfaces that accept questions in natural language and convert them to SPARQL are one solution to this problem. We developed a translator for Romanian natural language to SPARQL. The system exploits the conceptual power of the Grammatical...
We propose Example-Driven Modeling (EDM), an approach that systematically uses explicit examples for eliciting, modeling, verifying, and validating complex business knowledge. It emphasizes the use of explicit examples together with abstractions, both for presenting information and when exchanging models. We formulate hypotheses as to why modeling should include explicit examples, discuss how to use...
In this paper, after we show basic concepts of our narrative generation system architecture as the engine of new types of digital contents and the attempt of a tentative integrated narrative generation system, we discuss two fundamental mechanisms for the new design. Structural techniques are integrated into generative rules with a unified form so as to apply flexibly various types of techniques....
The software requirements engineering (RE) process is one of the key processes in software development. The aim of requirements engineering process is capturing, understanding and analyzing customer requirements. Today, use cases are widely used as a technique for specification of the functional requirements of the system. Even through use cases are widely used for specification of the functional...
It often happens that computer-generated documents originally intended for human recipient need to be processed in an automated manner. The problem occurs if analyzer does not exist and therefore must be created ad hoc. To avoid the repetitive manual implementation of parsers for different formats of processed documents, we propose a method for specification of computer language notation by providing...
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