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This paper presents a feasibility study on the prototyping of a hybrid EPAC (Electric Pedal Assisted Cycle) through an FC-B-UC (Fuel Cell — Battery — Ultra-Capacitors) power system. Aim of this work is the characterization of a PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell) in order to confirm its theoretical performances and to verify the possibility of its installation on an e-bike.
Telstra's telecommunication network covers a diverse area, which is subject to Australia's challenging environmental factors. These factors present challenges to the network and can prominently affect Telstra's remote sites, especially off-grid sites. This paper presents the key findings of using stationary fuel cells at these remote sites. The fuel cells implemented by Telstra are indirect methanol...
In this paper, an energy management strategy in a Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) is studied. This HEV is powered by a Fuel Cell (FC), and a Li-Ion battery. The FC supplies average power during the steady state and the battery furnishes the peaks of power during transient responses due to its high power density compared to the FC. This energy management, based on a fuzzy logic approach, aims to increase...
With the rapid developments of DC microgrid technologies and the demands of marine sustainable energy utilizations, the onboard DC microgrid becomes a new research focus. The control and Power Management Strategies (PMS) of a marine DC microgrid are two vital issues to maintain the stability, safety and efficiency of a shipboard power system. To deal with the power management problem, this paper firstly...
Fuel cell technology is considered to be the 21st century of choice for clean and efficient power generation technology, due to a fuel cell itself is a very complex physical and chemical process, the input output are different kinds of physical quantities, so a practical fuel cell must have accurate monitoring and control the performance of these physical quantities. Are briefly introduced in this...
Currently, battery electric vehicles are the most popular EV commercially available. However, there is a growing interest for fuel cell electric vehicles (FCVs) because the latest battery technologies do not ensure a comparable range to that of conventional vehicles. Nevertheless, due to the unidirectional nature of energy transformation in a FCV, auxiliary storage systems are necessary to recover...
Current auxiliary power unit (APU) system in aircraft is heavy, noisy and inefficient, so a new form of power source to replace the engine mounted generator technologies is in demand. As a green power source, fuel cell is discussed in this paper to study the feasibility of the system as an APU. This paper investigates different fuel cell applications, and qualitative analysis shows that proton exchange...
This paper treats the sizing and Energy Management (EM) of Fuel Cell/battery source for automotive application. The fuel cell system is used as the main source and batteries pack is the auxiliary one. A bidirectional DC/DC converter is used to connect the batteries to the DC bus and a DC/DC boost converter associates the fuel cell stack with DC link. A sizing algorithm is developed to determine the...
A Fuel Cell Oxygen Tree is a combination of Artificial Oxygen Tree (AOT) and Fuel Cell (FC). AOT is use to obtain Hydrogen (for fuel) and Oxygen (to be emitted in the air) by performing sea water electrolysis; with the help of PV (Photovoltaic) panels to generate electricity from solar energy installed on the top of the trees. FC is a device which perform reverse electrolysis by using hydrogen as...
This paper presents an optimal energy management of a Fuel Cell/Ultra-Capacitor power source based on Ant Colony Optimization metaheuristic for vehicular applications. First, the modeling of the Fuel Cell/Ultra-Capacitor hybrid source which presents a better dynamic performance and energy efficiency is described. Then, the optimal control problem formulation based on the Ant Colony Optimization algorithm...
This research aims at developing an active energy management system for an experimental platform of the multi-energy-source electric vehicle (EV). The main purposes are to deal with the shortages of long charging time, short battery life cycles, and insufficient mileage of EVs. Hence, this research was separated into three segments: (1) active power distribution hardware, and (2) performance verification...
The study presents a kW-level high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell and its cooling technique. The cooling method utilized internal cooling method to precisely control the temperature of stack. The temperature difference between the coldest and warmest measuring point is 7.3 K. In this study, we used two sealing methods for cooling mechanism in the HT-PEMFC stacks to demonstrate a simple...
The electric vehicle offering the better performance as compared to an internal combustion engine. In this context, electric vehicle powered by the fuel cell is an interesting solution because of their higher efficiency and clean source of energy. Fuel cell is providing the continuous power to the load, so it is necessary to provide the control strategies for fuel cell system. This paper presents...
Many medium sized Italian cities present pollution problems, due to their geographical position and climate conditions and mainly due to congested traffic flows. Impacts on the health of residents are becoming more frequent and also risky. Thus different policies have been proposed to reduce environmental effects. Among these, the use of low or zero emission vehicles both for private and public transport...
During operation, fuel cells do not only generate electricity but also heat, which is emitted through surface of the cell. This article aims to determine surface temperature of a low-temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell under varying load, where the temperature is measured via infrared thermography. With this method, the thermal field dispersal is quantified remotely. To contrast with surface...
The world is beginning to embrace a transition from fossil fuel-based energy production and distribution methods to renewable energy-based methods. This is becoming more and more evident as governments around the world enact standards and regulations that require energy portfolios to be composed of ever-growing portions of renewable production. However, as this transition develops many questions and...
This paper presents an analysis of a high step up DC-DC converter for Fuel Cells systems. Firstly, it is presented the Fuel Cell model and the average and small-signals model of the DC-DC converter, which is used to properly design the control of the DC-link voltage for the voltage source inverter. Additionally, it is also shown the control topology for the DC-AC converter when the system supplies...
To ensure the safety of environment a major challenge to the vehicle manufacturer is the emission rate of vehicle. Emission of environment polluting particles especially CO2 from conventional vehicles is a direct threat to the environment. As global vehicle market are expanding day by day so this high rate of emission is already a nightmare to the environment specialist. That's why some of green technologies...
In the present study a borohydride/peroxide fuel cell/Li-ion battery hybrid system was developed. Output power of DBPFC was controlled and kept constant by MPPT algorithm. The voltage ripples of the fuel cell were prevented. Moreover, Li-ion battery was charged with a stable power of direct borohydride/peroxide fuel cell.
This paper proposes a strategy base on a Population-Based Incremental Learning (PBIL) algorithm to reduce the fuel consumption in hybrid fuel cell/photovoltaic power systems. The strategy is focused on increasing the power produced by the photovoltaic (PV) generator to reduce the fuel needed to supply the load. Such an improvement is achieved by reducing the effect of shadows over the system, which...
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