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This paper deals with issues created by the cogging torque exhibited in permanent magnet synchronous motors in a motor drive with field oriented control. Experimental results are shown for both the start-up procedure and the steady-state operation of the used motor. The static and cogging torque are also measured at low speed to optimize the parameters of the start-up algorithm.
The experience recently gained by the authors in the field of production and testing of new magnetic materials, especially developed for small electric machines, has been applied to the production of an axial flux permanent magnet motor prototype. In particular, different materials have been used for the stator and the rotor core, together with low-cost bonded permanent magnets; the machine under...
Stepper motor are widely used for both, industrial and commercial applications because of their low cost, high reliability and high torque. The knowledge of mechanical parameters like load inertia and frictions are required in order to parametrize correctly the motor controller. Estimation of these parameters is possible with position sensors but they are expensive in comparison to the motor, furthermore...
In this paper, a method of restraining the cogging force in tubular permanent magnet linear motor with multi-segment primary based on primary iron-cores shifting is proposed, the mechanism of weakening cogging force in tubular permanent magnet linear motor with primary iron-cores shifting is analyzed based on the energy method., and the formula of arranging the primary iron-cores are appropriately...
This research provides a detailed analysis of build variations for mass produced permanent magnet synchronous motors on key performances such as torque ripple, and back-emf harmonics. The study defines the rule for worst case scenarios hence provide tolerance limits for each of the design parameters to be controlled to achieve certain performances under volume production. The research also sorts out...
Results of using fractional order PI current controller, and classical one, in case of cogging effect in servo drive are presented in the paper. The general cascade control system of the servo drive and motor model with dry friction are presented. The most significant result in case of using fractional order current controller (FOCC) observed for starting servo drive in the presence of cogging moment...
Cogging torque in permanent-magnet motors is one of the most important problems to be considered in high performance applications especially in low speed and direct drive applications. In this paper, the analytical expression for cogging torque in permanent-magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) with auxiliary teeth is derived by the energy method and the Fourier series analysis, based on the air gap permeance...
Cogging force is one of the main factors causing the thrust fluctuation of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor, in order to effectively suppress the influence of cogging force on the thrust fluctuations, cogging force is analytical analyzed based on energy method and Fourier decomposition method, this paper proposes unequal pole-pitch method of stator and mover to inhibit the cogging force of...
In the field of high-precision position control, the position response requires that there is no vibration. However, a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has a wide variety of torque-ripple components, including cogging torque and flux harmonics, which degrade the control performance. Typically, these components are defined as a disturbance torque, and compensation is accomplished by using...
This paper proposes a low-speed, high-torque, axial-flux permanent magnet vernier motor (PMVM) for the auto-focusing system application. The proposed motor is designed by precisely taking into consideration of the limited lens dimensions and camera installation space. The design approach of the vernier motor is an alternative combined design solution, coupled with the analytical method and finite...
In this paper, we present a comparative analysis of surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors (SPMSM) and interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSM) for compressors of air-conditioning systems in electric vehicles (EVs). First, we use 2D finite element analysis (FEA) to analyze models satisfying the same rated conditions according to the torque-speed curve characteristics, which...
In this paper, the authors present the application of few important methods of the cogging torque reduction for a low speed permanent magnet synchronous motor used to drive a bicycle. The numerical modelling of the motor was made by using professional software based on the finite element method.
Axial flux permanent-magnet machines have gained popularity in the last few decades because of their higher torque at low speed and better power density compared with radial flux machine [1], moreover, due to its inherently short axial length, they find applications where the used conventional PM machines are not appropriate, such as hybrid traction motors [2]. However, the major undesired effects...
Electric machines are often designed without considering workmanship and materials tolerances. Their manufacturing process involves a series of steps, starting with raw materials and ending with the machine assembly. In each of these steps occur deviations due, for instance, to mistakes in positioning tools or to the tolerances in the electrical and magnetic characteristics of the materials. These...
In the recent years, linear propulsion technology has been increasingly adopted in transportation, electromagnetic launch and aerospace applications. Compared with the conventional rotary-to-lin-early propulsion, the linear propulsion can offers many advantages, such as high efficiency, reduced maintenance cost, vibration and noise [1]-[4]. Among various kinds of linear motors for linear propulsion...
This paper presents design, analysis and experimental verification of a 12-pole spoke type interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous motor with 1 slot-per-pole-per-phase for low voltage applications. Stepped rotor is used to improve the torque quality and to obtain sinusoidal back-EMF waveform. Single rotor lamination (SRL) is used in the design of the rotor in order to provide some benefits on...
This paper investigates the design, manufacturing and comparison of low voltage 33-slot permanent magnet AC motor with symmetric and asymmetric winding. Design and analysis of the motors are performed to get information about performance characteristic of both motors for a set of given specs. No-load and on-load analyses are accomplished in order to obtain voltage and torque constants. Prototype motors...
This paper presents torque ripple reduction of a surface mounted Permanent Magnet Brushless DC (PM BLDC) motor using magnet pole shaping technique. Two-dimensional (2D) Finite Element (FE) analysis was carried out on an 18 stator slots and 12 rotor poles PM BLDC motor for various magnet pole shapes by varying the permanent magnet (PM) offset. The results from the analysis are computed and analyzed...
In this paper, we proposed how the V-skew applied on a magnet of the rotor to improve the characteristics of cogging torque in large PMSM. Large PMSM is difficult to apply a pitch of the diagonal magnetic skew because of the motor's structure and making. In addition, the force in the direction of z-axis occurs when the diagonal skew is applied. So we are applying the optimal v-skew to reduce torque...
Since a linear motor with high thrust density and low thrust ripple is desired for many industrial applications, in this paper, a design methodology is proposed to achieve these objectives. A slotted permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (SPMLSM) which inherently offers the highest force density among various types of linear motors is selected for analysis and optimization procedure. An analytical...
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