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High torque density at low speed is one of the main characteristics of applications such as wind turbines and traction systems. Permanent magnet transverse flux machines exhibit this features owing to their high-energy magnetic flux, which is normal to current and motion vector. The machine's specific geometry magnifies cogging torque that further increases torque ripple, noise, and mechanical vibrations...
This paper investigates methods of magnet mass reduction in linear flux switching permanent magnet (LFSPM) machines by introducing tapered consequent poles. Based on the finite element analysis (FEA) three different models are designed, investigated and compared. The obtained results indicate that by adopting the proposed tapered ferromagnetic poles a considerable saving of material cost and weight...
This paper describes the causes of cogging torque in Permanent Magnet synchronous Motor. Establishes a motor model by ANSOFT software, uses Finite Element Method to quantitative analysis and comparative peak cogging torque and torque with notches at different locations, and different number of auxiliary slot. The conclusion is that notch reasonable can reduce the cogging torque of permanent magnet...
A dual-rotor axial field flux-switching permanent magnet (DRAFFSPM) machine is proposed and investigated in this paper. The static characteristics, such as the field distribution, the PM flux-linkage, the back-EMF, and the cogging torque, etc., are investigated based on the 3D finite element (FE) method. In order to gain sinusoidal back-EMF and reduce the cogging torque, the structure of the DRAFFSPM...
This paper proposes a new axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) motor, whose stator is composed of laminated steel and soft magnetic composite (SMC) material. Axial flux machines are considered a preferred solution compared to radial flux machines for electric vehicles and traction applications because of its high torque density and thin disk-shaped structure. However, the manufacturing cost of axial...
The cogging torque in the interior permanent magnet synchronous machine(PMSM) leads to mechanical resonance, vibration, and noise, which would reduce the control accuracy of the machine. It is important to calculate the cogging torque of the interior PMSM. Up to now, there is no accurate calculation method of the cogging torque for the interior PMSM, and the accurate calculation relies on the Finite...
Linear hybrid excitation flux reversal machines are very attractive for low cost long stroke applications due to their simple and cheap secondary structure. This paper proposes a new hybrid excitation flux reversal machines with consequent-pole permanent-magnet arrays first. Owing to the adoption of consequent-pole permanent-magnet arrays, usage of permanentmagnet material of the proposed machine...
This paper examines the torque ripple variation of surface mounted PMSMs with distributed windings and large number of slots per pole. The effect of established cogging torque reduction methods such as magnet step skewing, stator dummy slots and magnet pole shaping on the torque ripple variations and magnetic flux production is investigated, as these methods address the same factors that influence...
In this paper, a segmented-stator linear vernier permanent magnet machine (LVPMM) is proposed for syringe pump systems. The proposed machine adopts segmented-stator linear vernier machine configuration. The mover is sandwiched between the segmented stators. By using the sinusoidal shaped magnets, the harmonics of the back electromotive force is reduced. By selecting an appropriate slot-pole combination...
This paper deals with the optimization of a single side Axial Flux Permanent Magnet machine (AFPMM) designs with respect to cogging torque. Although the AFPMMs run generally at high speed and high torque, these machines may run at lower operational speed for aircraft applications. At lower operational speed, the cogging torque is an undesirable effect. Firstly, a reference AFPMM is designed with Finite...
Permanent magnet (PM) machines have been widely applied over the past few decades, such as renewable power generation, electric vehicles, domestic appliances, etc.
Provided with the reduction of the cogging torque by skewing slots and simultaneously the decent output performance, an analysis of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the best skewing angle with the lowest cogging torque is found and validated with the finite element method (FEM) software, ANSYS/Maxwell. To overcome the repellence of the cogging torque...
In this paper, the permanent magnet motor without shoes of stator teeth was designed. In case of a shoeless motor, it is very easy to manufacture a stator with coil windings. It has, however, high cogging torque and torque ripples generally. The proposed model in this paper was designed considering cogging torque characteristic. The finite element analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of reducing...
In this paper, a 5kW novel modular multistage axial-flux permanent magnet machine (MM-AFPM) for EVs is analyzed. As key parts of the motor, electrician-ferrite teeth supports and SMC teeth supports are studied by 3D finite element method (FEM) respectively. No-load, full-load, harmonics, magnetic field distribution, etc. are calculated. FEM result indicates that SMC-materials have great advantages...
In this paper, the design and analysis of a modified outer rotor PMA has been presented, which increases the efficiency and machine capacity by minimizing the cogging torque. The modified outer rotor type PMA will be suitable for extremely low-speed wind turbine based power generation system. The performances of the machine are analyzed by simulation using ANSOFT MAXWEL software, and the results are...
In this paper, the cogging torque in coaxial planetary magnetic gear (CPMG) is investigated. The known method for estimation the cogging torque fundamental frequency in permanent magnet synchronous machines is adapted to the double-rotor structure of the CPMG. The work shows how various design parameters affects the fundamental frequency of cogging torque. Particular attention is given to the relation...
This paper presents a double-stator permanent magnet brushless DC machine (DS-PMBLDC) which is proposed to be used in light electric vehicles and to replace a typical motor for electric vehicles in future. However, to fulfill the limitation of motor performance at different conditions, electric vehicles require their own specific motor design. Thus, a modular type of motor which can easily replace...
Cogging torque is a common design issue in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSMs). Altering the magnet shape is one of the solutions in reducing the cogging torque. This paper addresses the variation in the rotor magnet pole arc which would affect the cogging torque of the external rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor (ERPMSM). Analytical calculations to design a three-phase, 12slot/8pole...
A 3D analytical model is developed for the computation of the no-load magnetic field distribution in flux reversal linear-rotary permanent magnet actuator (FR-LRPMA) with two PM poles (PM_pole) and two ferromagnetic poles (Fe_pole) on each stator tooth. Then a 3D model for calculating the air-gap permeance is presented considering the effect of stator slot and the permeance difference of Fe_pole and...
An Outer-PM tubular linear generator has been designed to increase the power density and distance of relative movement. The design of the two buoys has been completed. Detailed design process of the proposed generator is described. Considering the cogging force and voltage, the linear generator has been optimized and final parameters have been determined. The integrated wave converter system has been...
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