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The lower limb exoskeleton can help the paralyzed walk again, also can be used to reduce the body weight. it is necessary to promote the anthropomorphic and man-machine matching of exoskeleton. The man-machine matching is divided into two, one is the structure matching and the other is the driven matching involving the biomechanics of the muscle. This article puts forward the design rule of exoskeleton...
In the previous studies, contradictory results were reported on walking symmetry. The walking symmetry is important in the study of the evolution of bipedalism and gait therapy. This study investigated the effects of laterality and walking speed on gait symmetry during three conditions of walking on a treadmill, namely pushing while walking, walking with arm-swing, and walking while holding on a handlebar...
In this study, the motion characteristics and techniques of Tai Chi push-hand, a fixed step, single-handed concentric sparring method, were investigated using biomechanical measurements. The FAB system was utilized to obtain the kinematic and foot pressure data, and an MYO armband was used to record the sEMG signals. After the measurements, a single concentric motion was divided into four stages....
This paper presents some theoretical and experimental considerations about shoe heel effect on comfort and bipodal balance. These influences are determined by evaluating the thermal gradient, in parallel with plantar pressure at the surface of human subjects flange wearing high heels (about 10 cm). Also, in the third part of the paper, the correlation of plantar pressures to the shape and structure...
The walking of human, from childhood to elderly is difficult to interpret and analyze because of the variability of displacements of individuals. The age, weight, sex, and other parameters affect the walking conditions and therefore the results. Two approaches exist to study the gait. The first approach generalized to biomechanics is based on the observations of variables which are easily measured...
Biomechanical investigation of human movement contributing to rehabilitation treatment has gained an increasing interest from researchers on regards to human impairments and assistive techniques. There are many methods of treatment previously investigated namely with the focus being towards the nervous system. Due to the advancement of technology over time, motion capture became possible where it...
This paper presents a study of the center of pressure (COP) behavior during anticipatory postural adjustments phase (APA) of gait initiation in different conditions which are commonly required in daily activities. Twelve young subjects enrolled in this study and performed gait initiation in horizontal and upward and downward inclined surfaces. Significant differences were found only in the mediallateral...
The transmissibility and the phase shift of the foot and ankle system (FAS) under the vertical sinusoidal vibration were studied as a function of the applied load. It was found that the increase of the applied load leads to the increase of the observed resonant frequency and stiffness of the system case.
The essential component of legged locomotion is control of the ground reaction force. To understand the role of the musculoskeletal body in dynamic locomotion, we investigate bipedal running using a musculoskeletal “Athlete Robot”. The configuration of the muscles in the robot is compatible with the human. The spring-like property of the human lower leg during running is modeled as an elastic blade...
People with motor impairments often need adaptation of input devices to interact with surrounding people and home-appliances via communication aids and environmental control systems. During the adaptation, a body part to be used, a device to be activated, its specific location, and a posture to use it should be decided by assessing accuracy and speed of motions. Additionally, the strength and frequency...
Restoring walking functions will greatly improve the foot-drop patients' life quality. In this work, we sampled 10 healthy subjects' gait data when walking in 4 different stride frequency overground and developed a dynamic Functional Electrical Stimulation (dFES) system for foot-drop patients' walk training, using the processed tibialis anterior (TA) muscle EMG signal. The data sampled under the new...
Muscle function assessment is important for diagnosing muscular disorders, developing treatment plans, and tracking patient progress over time. The muscle force assessment system (MFAS) can provide quantitative results versus the traditional qualitative results that are obtained from manual tests. A new MFAS was developed for measuring force in the tibialis anterior muscle in response to electrical...
Prolonged static standing caused less freedom to move around and rest the muscles. This lack of flexibility in choosing body position contributes to health problems. It will accelerate fatigue besides discomfort, aching feet and swelling on leg. The aim of this study is to investigate the muscle activity and body discomfort while standing. Twelve subjects (seven females and five males) participated...
The authors introduce a fuzzy rule-based algorithm to evaluate the activation patterns of muscles of the lower limb with respect to the gait phases during normal human walking. A relational matrix was established as a Cartesian product between the activation behaviors of muscles of the lower limb within the seven gait phases during normal walking. This relational matrix is an expression of the strength...
To improve the quality of shoes, extensive testing was applied to obtain a high comfort shoe model based on human biomechanics and the interaction system of human-shoes. By studying the mechanical properties of the human body on two aspects: joints and muscles, the mechanical conduction model of the lower limbs was established through the foot testing, and found that Pedar foot measuring points was...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the joint moments and power of push-off and landing leg during baseball pitching in collegiate baseball pitchers. Eight healthy male collegiate baseball pitchers participated in this study, and each subject was asked to throw fastballs. The joint forces and joint moments of the lower limbs were computed with inverse dynamic method. The joint moments and...
The comfort of ankle when driving is very important on driving comfort research. The biomechanics of the foot and ankle are complex and intricately associated with each other. Gross motion of the foot is complex and occurs around three axes and on three planes. The foot is an integral mechanical part of the lower extremity necessary for a smooth and stable movement. This paper presents our experiments...
In this paper, we propose a user adaptive support system for sit-to-stand movement from a bed. The support system consists of a handrail and an electric bed which moves up and down. The evaluation indexes for the sit-to-stand movement based on a human model are introduced. By using these indexes, we set the parameters of the support system such as the handrail position, the height of the bed, and...
The mechanics of the human subtalar joint was studied in sudden eversion motion of the foot. Experimental data collected from a specially constructed apparatus were fed into a quasi-linear second-order underdamped system model. The following parameters were determined as a function of the joint's angle: ankle moment, elastic stiffness, damping coefficient and moment of inertia. The effects of the...
A control model is presented which is based on exhaustive biomechanical and EMG analyses of human gait. The motor patterns (moments-of-force, mechanical power and EMG), when compared over a wide range of cadences and subjects, gives the author considerable insight into strategies used by the central nervous system. The net result of these analyses is the identification of three fairly independent...
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