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W artykule badane są problemy funkcjonowania systemów emerytalnych w państwach Unii Europejskiej i na Ukrainie. Kraje UE charakteryzują się rozwiniętymi wielopoziomowymi systemami emerytalnymi, które różnią się znacznie pod względem parametrów. Wspólnym problemem UE i Ukrainy jest wyludnienie, które powoduje kryzysy w solidarnych systemach emerytalnych. Spowodowało to konieczność przeprowadzenia reform...
In this article, the problems of functioning of accumulative pension systems in the EU countries and Ukraine are investigated. The EU countries are characterised by the presence of developed multi-tier pension systems, which significantly vary in different parameters. The common problem for the EU and Ukraine is depopulation, which creates crises in solidarity pension systems. It caused the necessity...
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