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Though presidential doctrines claim to be broad, forward‐looking articulations of national security principles, they are in fact reactive and narrow. They emerge following crises and can subsequently constrain security policy, creating ideal conditions for new crises to emerge. This paper thus argues that in the pursuit of security, presidential doctrines can perpetuate a cycle of instability. Using...
The Ostpolitik pursued by the German government of Chancellor Willy Brandt during the early 1970s aimed at normalizing the relations between the Federal Republic of Germany and its Eastern neighbours, and at building a new European security system. Nevertheless, the German government felt compelled to gradually reappraise its aspirations in order to obtain the support and the cooperation of the Western...
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