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Mill process from fresh fruit bunches (FFB) to crude palm oil (CPO) discharges some wastes. Oil extraction, washing, and cleaning processes generate liquid waste which called palm oil mill effluent (POME). POME converted to energy by anaerobic digestion process which generates biogas (methane). Anaerobic digestion process consist of four steps which are hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, and...
Among the industries fundamental for modern life, wastewater treatment receives increasing interest for its potential to recuperate valuable resources. The biogas obtained through anaerobic digestion, more specifically, the methane it contains, often represents a powerful asset in operating a WWTP (wastewater treatment plant) economically. However, the microbiological processes that lead to obtaining...
In the present study bioelectricity generation from waste water was evaluated in a double chambered microbial fuel cell (MFC). Waste water and potassium permanganate solution (0.3%) was loaded in the anodic and the cathodic chamber respectively. The performance of MFC was studied with two different electrodes (aluminum and carbon as anodes and copper as cathode). Current and voltage measurements were...
Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma (DBD) is one of cold plasma type. In this research, DBD plasma was used for reducing Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) on industrial rubber waste. In the environment field DBD plasma is used as a water treatment and reduction of gas emissions (COx, NOx, and HC). In the development DBD plasma can be used as a wastewater treatment technology. Plasma is formed when a high...
Self-Organizing Networks (SONs) are being researched extensively in the existing 3G and 4G landscape primarily to facilitate a convenient yet cost-effective approach in the configuration, optimization and troubleshooting of networks. However, the existing SONs will be no match for the operational complexity of the envisioned 5G networks. The promise of 5G revolves around the premise of infinite capacity...
Water quality monitoring requires characterization of a range of organic and inorganic components present within the sample. We present here initial findings in the design of a novel system to detect contaminants by characterizing their characteristic fluorescence fingerprints in a 3-dimensional excitation emission matrix. This is a proof of principle for a system that would then use principal component...
Aiming at the problem that the wastewater treatment process is affected by many uncertain factors leading to frequent fluctuations of operating conditions, single water quality model cannot guarantee the accuracy of soft sensor, an online hybrid soft sensor of effluent COD based synchronous clustering is presented in this paper. The soft sensor consists of simplified mechanism model and error compensation...
A new online COD predictive technique is proposed in this paper for sewage treatment plants. The technique utilizes the BP neural network method and Elman neural network method to build a model and adopts the real operating data of a chemical industry to establish the model for training and simulation. The results of the simulations indicate that the process variables can be achieved through the establishment...
This paper studies the relationship between the characteristics of weakly turbid water and backscattered light intensity from a collimated light beam. Water properties such as particulate concentration and the presence of organic matter are considered. We present a recent model for the propagation of infrared and ultraviolet light in turbid water and demonstrate good correlation with experimental...
Ammonia stripping is a simple desorption process used to reduce ammonia content in wastewater stream. It is often easier and less expensive to remove nitrogen from wastewater in the form of ammonia rather than to convert it to nitrate-nitrogen before discharged to environment. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the ability of the sewage based bacteria use to remove the ammoniacal nitrogen...
The mechanical, thermodynamic, acoustic, optical, electrical and magneto electric characteristics of nanomaterials is differ from its coarse crystalloid. The far infrared ray transmitted by nanomaterials can improve water quality and reduce water associated molecule to 6-8, and it also can increase water activity and cell permeability. To know its improving breed aquatics effects, the experiment was...
To remove the cavity surface contamination of semiconductor lasers and improve their COD threshold, the novel sulfur solution, acid pre-treatment plus sulfur solution and RF Ar plasma cleaning had been used on GaAs (100) substrate. The PL intensities after three types of processing increased by 30%, 42% and 33% respectively. With three methods used for laser process, we found that, in addition to...
Dairy Industries produce nearly thousands of litres of effluent waste per day. This waste with high intense foul odour pollutes ecosystem and ground water, harbour pathogens causing health hazards. Various pre-treatments methods are available to neutralise the effects. But, bioremediation with EM technology is ecofriendly and helps to clean up contaminated environments through the use of microorganisms.
Electro-coagulation (EC) is an effective technique for decolorization and removing organics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color from the simulated pharmaceutical wastewater by the application of the EC technique with iron and aluminum electrodes, and periodically alternating power supply. Besides, the effects of various operational parameters...
We have applied regression model together with statistical test, Pearson Correlation, to examine the relationships between aerosol optical depth (AOD), cloud optical depth (COD) and water vapor retrieved by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) in 2009 over Malaysia. It is shown that the relationship between water vapor in clear sky and AOD mean showed the highest significant compared to...
The wastewater containing alcohol ethoxylates (AEs) from the processing of Orimulsion was treated by ozonation with the presence of activated carbon (AC) in a laboratory-scale reactor. Effect of some operating parameters, such as the AC amount, initial pH, and the ozonized-air flowrate, on the COD removal were investigated. The results show that the application of catalytic ozonation of AC can significantly...
The avermectin wastewater was treated with SBR technique. This paper was focused mainly on the removal rate of COD and change of ammonia nitrogen of influent and effluent. At the stable phase of SBR reactor operation, the removal rate of COD could be about 75% when the influent volume load was 1.01 kg/(m3 d), and the effluent COD was below 300 mg/L. Temperature had a great impact on the effect of...
COD, TN and TP removal efficiency was studied in different C / N in the system by changing the dosage of CH3COONa. The best results obtained by experiment is that when the C / N is between 4 and 6. The average COD effluent concentration is 40.08mg / L, the removal rate is 87.5%;the average TN effluent concentration is 9.32 mg / L, the removal rate is 83.91%; the TP average effluent concentration is...
Ore flotation had been widely employed in sulphide ores selection. However, large amount wastewater produced by flotation processes had caused major problem to mine environment. Biofiltration was a cost effective and environmental friendly technology combining biodegradation and physical scrubbing that had become an outstanding alternative for decentralized area wastewater treatment. In this study,...
In this study, performance of a laboratory-scale submerged hollow fibre membrane to treat oily wastewater from electroplating plant was investigated. The degradation of raw oily wastewater at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 13.3 hours was studied. Results of the three runs showed that oil and grease (O&G) was biodegraded in the MBR system to a high extent, with removal efficiency between 91...
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