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This paper develops an energy recharging controller (ERC) for electrical scooters (ESs) which includes a recharging control unit, a battery recharging control unit, a voltage-boost control unit, a braking control unit, a motor and a battery. There are three recharging modes in the proposed ERC: low-side driving circuit recharging mode, boost recharging mode, and brake assistant mode. With the proposed...
In this paper, a new battery/ultra-capacitor hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is proposed for electric drive vehicles including electric, hybrid electric, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Compared to the conventional HESS design, which requires a larger DC/DC converter to interface between the ultra-capacitor and the battery/DC link, the new design uses a much smaller DC/DC converter to maintain...
The energy storage system in electric vehicles (EV) must supply variable power levels and take regenerative power from braking. Ultracapacitors (UC) are more efficient than batteries for variable loads and recharging, but have a much lower energy density; the combination of these into a hybrid source can deliver better performance in an EV. We present several control systems, compare three active...
A judicious study with regard to a more efficient energy management on board of an electric vehicle (EV) is discussed in this paper. This analysis follows the present trend in the field, knowing that the major drawback of the EV is the autonomy problem. Thus, by using a hybrid energy source (formed by ultracapacitors and battery) and with a proper current control (of polynomial type) one can get the...
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