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In several instances risk is treated as an integral part of business activities. For banks, risk as a business category has a special dimension. The VAR circle covers the business sector of a bank. In it, capital is a constraining factor for management when it comes to taking on risk. Rules from supervisory bodies for banks limit the risk potential expressed as VAR to 4% and 8% respectively for Tier...
The amount of visual information available in digital format has grown exponentially in recent years due to the wide availability of digital equipments, changes in the way people socially interact by setting up community web pages, wide spread use of the Internet in all types of personal and business activities, pay-after-trial services of digital multimedia and developments in high speed transmission...
Construction project is a complex, integrated business activity involving a large number of professional participants, and it usually covers a long time span. Construction information usually scatters in each project phase. In order to share and reuse information in construction lifecycle, the information flow in construction projects is depicted by IDEFO technique, where six phases are introduced...
As interest in the impacts of business activities on the environment has grown, environmental policy is now shifting from the end of pipe stage to the next stage. In the environmental departments of municipal governments in Austria, an increasing number of cases is observed where the department has outgrown its restriction-based environmental measures. The program aims to reduce environmental burdens,...
Administrative controls exist to ensure that business activities are correctly managed and controlled according to corporate and legal regulations. With many organisations reliant on complex IT solutions these controls relate to functionality of software. In this paper we present an extension for business process models to express administrative controls, such as role-based, mandatory or dynamic separation...
Among all the types of distributors who play different roles in the vegetables and fruits distribution system, farmer middlemen have attracted increasing attention. Farmer middlemen, who hold more than 80% of the market in strawberry distribution in Jiande Strawberry Wholesale Market located in Xutang village, have fulfilled a very important function in the distribution process. The paper takes farmer...
Embedded systems are predicted to occupy a growing place within business activities. But the term covers a wide range of devices which has not yet been seen with a common approach. This paper deals with how we can bridge the gap between intelligent devices and an enterprise resources planning (ERP) system like SAP R/3. We present a clustering of existing embedded systems types. For each of these clusters,...
Electronic commerce is an emerging business activity and it deeply affects commodity trading activities. It changes the operation of logistics and promotes the development of logistics. It is of important guiding significance for the healthy and rapid development to logistics based on electronic commerce.
This article, from the prospect of P2P e-commerce advantages and challenges, discusses the risks of P2P e-commerce issues, and points out that trust is the basis of all business activities. Business organizations should take certain measures against risks from P2P e-commerce. The effective confidence-building mechanism can enable e-commerce more secure, reduce the risk of people's expectations, and...
In this paper, we discuss the basic concept and philosophy of SCM, investigate the economic network of SCM, the endogenous process of business activity, the endogenous formation economic network of SCM, the homogeneous connection network of SCM, and give an illustration of the efficiency and stability of homogeneous connection network.
Recently, Personal Networks (PNs) have been focused in supporting the userpsilas business and private activities without jeopardizing privacy and security of the users and their data. The support in business and private activities will take place through the userpsilas own personal network consisting of a core Personal Area Network (PAN) extended with clusters of remote devices which could be private,...
There are two main fields in the business activity of electric power industry: electric energy distribution and its collection. The first field includes the building and maintenance of electric power facilities according to the needs of consumers with the appropriate strategy of electric energy distribution in the situations of extremely poor and brisk demand. The second field, electric energy collection...
In this paper, we present a comprehensive study on the threats towards the coordination services for Web services business activities and explore the most optimal solution to mitigate such threats. A careful analysis of the state model of the coordination services reveals that it is sufficient to use a lightweight Byzantine fault tolerance algorithm that avoids performing expensive total ordering...
The use of mobile handheld devices is expanding rapidly both within the business and individual context. These devices are now essential tools that offer competitive business advantages in todaypsilas growing world of ubiquitous computing environment. The technology advancement has made it possible to embed more facilities in mobile phones. While they provide benefits, they also pose new risks on...
Knowledge management has become increasingly critical for the success of companies in this emerging era of e-commerce. As business activities increasingly shift to the Web, the challenge facing corporate management is maintaining competitive advantage by building strong relations with employees, customers, and suppliers and partners. A good knowledge management strategy can help achieve this goal...
Information technology increased the opportunities of business firms to create value. The complexity, the fragmented nature and the disorder of electronic markets, in concert with the need of customers to use compound products and services in order to achieve their expected outcomes, require the development of an effective integrating mechanism. This article presents the 'value integration model'...
The seamless integration of software applications supporting business activities and field devices belonging to the plant floor is one of the great challenges of the IT world. This requires to build Internet scale distributed systems in complex, heterogeneous environments characterized by stringent requirements regarding security and evolution. In this paper, we argue that software engineering tools...
Nowadays stocks are traded electronically instead of manually with an open outcry approach. As a result, business activities of investment banking organizations rely heavily on the availability of their trading systems. Any system failure will directly affect their business and in turn damage their reputation. Due to the complexity of the business, trading of stock requires services provided by many...
This paper focuses on the application of the secure multiparty problem for the electronic contracts management use case. In this context, each of the participants involved in the execution of an electronic contract in a cooperative way, for a given business activity has to provide his own private data that is not shared to the other participants. This is known in the literature as a privacy-preserving...
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