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This paper investigates the network function virtualization (NFV)-enabled multicast problem, and proposes a steiner tree-based algorithm to reduce the cost of virtual network function (VNF) deployment and routing. In the algorithm, to minimize the bandwidth consumption, the Steiner tree is constructed by taking all the destination nodes as the terminals. Then a interconnection node of the tree is...
Multicasting can be done in two different ways: source based tree approach and shared tree approach. Shared tree approach is preferred over source-based tree approach because in the later construction of minimum cost tree per source is needed unlike a single shared tree in the former approach. However, in shared tree approach a single core needs to handle the entire traffic load resulting in degraded...
Connection based networking is a basic technology for data transmission in Transparent Optical Networks (TON). In this kind of networks, important elements of the network design and management are related to the routing decisions in the optical level. To diminish the use of resources, multicasting is required for a lot of applications. Usually, multicast routes are light-trees in TONs. These trees...
Due to recent developments in cloud computing and constantly increasing demand for high bitrate content, both overlay networks and multicasting providing new data-sensitive applications and services have been gaining more and more attention in the last years. In this paper, we assume that the overlay network is deployed to provide multicasting of so-called Deadline-Driven Requests (DDRs), that require...
Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are self-configuring, de-centralized and a kind of multi hop wireless packet networks, where the mobile gadgets (also referred to as nodes) communicate with each other on wireless links. Such networks find applications where a quick deployment or dynamic reconfiguration of network is required, or there is no pre-existing network infrastructure or wired network is available...
The Named Data Networking (NDN) and Content-Centric Networking (CCNx) architectures use a forwarding plane that requires large Forwarding Information Bases (FIB) listing the next hops to name prefixes and Pending Interest Tables (PIT) that maintain per-Interest forwarding state. We introduce CCN-RAMP (Routing to Anchors Matching Prefixes), a new approach to content-centric networking that substitutes...
Multicast routing is used for group communication. In multicasting, one sender sends data to multiple recipients, but sends only a single copy. Multicasting is more efficient than broadcasting, because broadcast packets have to be received by everyone on the local link. In this paper, a detailed study has been outlined regarding which protocol of Centralized Multicast (CM), Protocol Independent Multicast...
The Named Data Networking (NDN) and Content-Centric Networking (CCNx) architectures are the leading approaches for content-centric networking, and both require using Interests (requests that elicit content) and maintaining per-Interest forwarding state in Pending Interest Tables (PIT) to store per- Interest forwarding state. To date, PITs have been assumed to be necessary to enable native support...
In the traditional Publish/Subscribe (Pub/Sub) paradigm, most of the responsibilities lie with the broker, thus making it burdened. It also takes a considerable amount of time to first route the publications and subscriptions towards the broker, and then to further route the notifications to the subscribers. This leads to delays in data delivery. Besides delay and bandwidth consumption, the number...
This work addresses the problem of survivable multi-cast request provisioning in mixed-graph optical networks, where only a fraction of the nodes have optical splitting capabilities. An effective scheme for the calculation of a pair of disjoint trees, namely the New Arc-Disjoint Trees (NADT) protection scheme, is presented. The key idea of this technique is to gradually construct the primary tree,...
Using Interests (requests that elicit content) and maintaining per-Interest forwarding state in Pending Interest Tables (PIT) are integral to the design of the Named Data Networking (NDN) and Content-Centric Networking (CCNx) architectures. However, using PITs makes the network vulnerable to Interest-flooding attacks, and PITs can become very large. It is shown that in-network caching eliminates the...
By saving network traffic and improving application throughput, Multicast becomes a pervasive traffic pattern in data centers. Reliable transmission is an important requirement in Modular Data Center. In this paper, we proposed a reliable multicast approach for EBSN, a modular data center structure. For efficient transmission, multiple multicast trees were constructed. To realize reliable, we chose...
Internet of Things(IoT) has emerged as the most promising technology to shape every sphere of life. 6LoWPAN is introduced to connect large number of things which are nothing but sensors of different capabilities. 6LoWPAN incorporates an adaptation layer to enable transmission of IPv6 packets. This layer performs compression of huge IPv6 packets for transmission in low powered networks and controls...
Rateless codes, a class of erasure codes, are well suited for multicasting over wireless networks as they reduce the feedback required. Multiple neighboring nodes of a transmitter can hear the transmission in a wireless network. Opportunistic routing uses this to reduce both the number of transmissions and the transmission time. Using a simple rateless encoding scheme, several opportunistic multicast...
Multicasting is a way to deliver copies of single message to multiple recipients at different locations. On the traditional internet, group members join specific multicast address through membership management protocol and packets are delivered along the path tree built by multicast routing protocol. Now we consider how multicast-style communication can be designed in id/locator separation environment...
In this paper we propose a cycle redundancy technique that provides optical networks almost fault-tolerant point-to-point and multipoint-to-multipoint communications. The technique more importantly is shown to approximately halve the necessary light-trail resources in the network while maintaining the fault-tolerance and dependability expected from cycle-based routing. For efficiency and distributed...
This paper presents a novel method to deal with deadlocking in multicast routing in mesh Network-on-Chip. The proposed design does not use the virtual channels used in the conventional designs, instead it provides a unique method to interleave data from different input ports. The method avoids deadlocking in tree-based multicasting by providing a flit-by-flit interleaving and at the same time reducing...
The capacity of caching networks has received considerable attention in the past few years. The problem consists of finding the minimum rate (or load) to deliver all users' requested messages from the sources and/or caches in the network. In particular, the capacity of two network models, shared link caching networks and device-to-device caching networks, is relatively well understood. To advance...
Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are sparse mobile ad-hoc networks in which there is typically no complete path between the source and destination. Multicast is an important group communication paradigm that is required by many potential DTN applications, such as data dissemination during military and rescue operations. While multicasting has been studied extensively in the context of the Internet and...
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