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Cloud computing and cloud storage systems are being used more and more in a variety of domains, from everyday user applications like healthcare monitoring systems and intelligent buildings to military devices. The deployment of these frameworks also enables modern control and automation paradigms found in cyber-physical systems and Industry 4.0. Driven by exponential decreases in computing and storage...
Knowledge of the actual occupancy of a building is a main research interest for several domains. Building energy performance simulation software considers occupancy through the use of diversity profiles usually contained in predesigned templates. This paper aims to explore the extent of possible discrepancies between standard predefined occupancy diversity profiles, profiles extracted by business...
A recent literature review shows that approximately 20–50% of energy/cost savings are possible in office buildings when accurate occupancy information is applied to the control of building energy systems. Implicit occupancy sensing, by extracting occupancy data from systems already in the building rather than from those explicitly designed to collect occupancy information, has the potential to provide...
Discovering useful patterns in medical time series data such as EEG and EMG recordings is an important step for gaining useful insights into the data and medical problem under investigation, and for building accurate classifiers. However, pattern mining algorithms often require a binning step, which maps the time series data into a representation in terms of discretized values, in order to discover...
With the proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices such as smartphones, sensors, cameras, and RFIDs, it is possible to collect massive amount of data for localization and tracking of people within commercial buildings. Enabled by such occupancy monitoring capabilities, there are extensive opportunities for improving the energy consumption of buildings via smart HVAC control. In this respect,...
The DARPA Network Challenge was a nationwide exercise in the use of social media in extreme events. Teams competed to locate ten red weather balloons that DARPA tethered over public locations across the continental United States for seven to ten hours on Saturday, December 5, 2009. The MIT team won the event, finding all ten locations using monetary incentive and a multi-level marketing payout scheme...
Performance monitoring using wireless sensors is now common practice in building operation and maintenance and generates a large amount of building specific data. However, it is difficult for occupants, owners and operators to explore such data and understand underlying patterns. This is especially true in buildings which involve complex interactions, such as ventilation, solar gains, internal gains...
To consume less time and less memory, this paper presents a flow to generate DEM from Lidar data. Firstly the flow labels non-ground points based on multi-echo information. Secondly by the relativity among neighbor points, the flow labels many other non-ground points. After these two up-to-down steps, many non-ground points have been eliminated, which has reduced the amount of the Lidar points successful...
Cone penetration testing (CPT) is a fast and reliable means for exploring soils and soft ground (to 40 m depth) for support of buildings, retaining walls, pavement subgrades, and bridge foundations. A cone can deviate from verticality due to misalignment, a bent push rods, soil layering, or by being pushed off a vertical course during penetration if it encounters an obstacle such as a large rock....
This paper analyses the visual characteristics of ground buildings in high resolution SAR images: the L-shaped echoes resulted from layer over and corner reflection effects give expression to the information of location and height of buildings. Therefore, to vectorize the L-shaped outline of the buildings has a great value in the field of city mapping. Focusing on L-shaped echoes, this paper investigates...
Problem frames are an approach to requirements modeling that is gaining increasing attention and popularity. The approach provides useful concepts and methodological guidelines. However, problem frames are not equipped with an expressive and complete notation and they lack tools support. These limitations can be addressed by introducing a suitable meta-model to formally define the notation. In this...
A method for global map building from occupancy grids is presented in this paper. Occupancy grids provide a low-level representation of the environment, suitable for autonomous navigation tasks, in urban driving scenarios. The occupancy grids used in our approach are computed with a method that outputs an occupancy grid with three distinct cell types: road, traffic isles and obstacles. First, we perform...
In this paper an approach for dynamic sensor selection in large video-based sensor networks for the purpose of multi-camera object tracking is presented. The sensor selection approach is based on computational geometry algorithms and is able to determine task-relevant cameras (camera cluster) by evaluation of geometrical attributes, given the last observed object position, the sensor configurations...
It is well-known that remote sensing technology has played a very important role in the urban planning and management since 1980s. In the past thirty years, as one of spatial data sources, remote sensing datasets, which contain more information of earth surface as compared with usual urban maps, have been used in urban planning and management in China. With the development of remote sensing technology...
In this paper, we propose to investigate the joint use of high-resolution optical and SAR data, for building extraction and 3D reconstruction in large urban areas. A sequence of methods providing, in a semi-automatic way, the building detection and reconstruction is presented. Potential building footprints are first extracted on an optical image by a two-phases process (coarse detection and boundaries...
The new spaceborne very high resolution (VHR) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors onboard the TerraSAR-X and COSMO-SkyMED satellites can achieve spatial resolutions in the order of 1 meter. In VHR SAR data, features from individual urban structures (like buildings) can be identified in their characteristic settings in urban settlement patterns. In this paper, we extend a methodology for the height...
Wireless sensor network is a network that contains a set of autonomous inexpensive devices called sensors. These sensors communicate together to detect, track, and monitor physical environments. Since energy is the scarcest resource in wireless sensor networks, some necessary improvements should be made to current detection algorithms to reduce the amount of consumed energy.In this paper, two detection...
State-of-the-art indoor positioning systems are based on short-range wireless technologies such as ultra-wideband (UWB) and wireless local area network (WLAN). Additional information produced by a low-cost inertial measurement unit (IMU) or selected from low-grade floor plans is frequently used to improve the positioning accuracy. Therefore absolute and relative positioning systems (e.g. WLAN and...
In automated information retrieval and processing, many different methods are used. In our work we suggest algorithms and procedures which are generally used in real-world robotics might be also useful in virtual information worlds - namely in the Semantic Web. Such real-world methods address navigation, localization and mapping problems, but so far we have not seen similar methods being used in information...
The aim of this research is to extract objects i.e. buildings, trees and roads important for noise mapping but also for applications such as 3D city modelling, land cover classification, change detection and many others. Earlier research has focused on the extraction of these objects independently either from aerial imagery or LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data. This paper however, focuses on...
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