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Sepsis is a complicated syndrome in which proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines are expressed simultaneously. However, it remains unclear for the expression of interleukin (IL)–4 and IL-4δ2 in patients with severe sepsis.By nested reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction and the expression of glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase as the internal reference, the expression levels...
In the early stage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, macrophages, in cooperation with interferon-γ, a Th1 effector, are the first line of defense. Interleukin (IL)-4, a Th2 effector, is known to downregulate interferon-γ. It is believed that the expression levels of IL-4 and its splicing variant-IL-4δ2 might be associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and chest radiographic patterns...
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