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This paper presents an analysis for the electromagnetic interference (EMI) related common-mode (CM) noise in differential high-speed data links with different signal modulation schemes, e.g. non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4). The CM noises, introduced by the mismatch of data rising and falling edges in both cases, exhibit the similar positive correlation with...
In this paper, the effects of undesired asymmetry and nonuniformity on differential line (DL) circuits are modeled as deviations from the ideal, nominal geometrical characteristics of a perfectly symmetrical and uniform DL, whose performance is taken as reference. To this end, the involved multiconductor transmission line equations are solved in the modal domain by a decoupled approach based on the...
With the wide application of electronic equipment, electromagnetic radiation pollution has become the fourth-largest public nuisance after the atmospheric pollution, water pollution, noise pollution. In order to meet the requirements of electromagnetic compatibility, some shielding measures must be taken. Therefore, the study of electromagnetic shielding body's shielding effectiveness analysis and...
In this paper, a modeling method for predicting the conducted emission with a current probe method is presented for a motor-drive braking system. The proposed model considers the motor driving circuit components and the measurement environment. The models of motor driving circuit component include PWM inverter circuits, 3-phase motor, PCB, heatsink, bus bars, and motor casing. The models of measurement...
This paper presents the modeling and design of a source-buffered Miller operational amplifier structure that is highly immune to electromagnetic interference (EMI). The source-buffered Miller operational amplifier is designed and fabricated in the 0.18 μm mixed-mode CMOS process and modeled mathematically including the body effect and channel length modulation. Measurement results show that the maximum...
A Model dedicated to EMI prediction in a DC-DC converter is presented in this paper. The model is analytical to be used by a deterministic optimization algorithm. This model not only predicts EMI but also thermal effects of the converter. Numerical and experimental validation of the model are performed regarding EMC aspects and perspectives for the final optimization purpose are presented.
This paper presents an entirely analytical formula to determine the electromagnetic field inside a lossy rectangular box containing apertures on its front face. On the basis of circuit model theory we derived an extremely fast technique to include conductor losses into the model. A surface impedance boundary condition is introduced to deal with lossy conductive walls of the cavity. The model takes...
Now voltage sources are widely used for differential signaling. However, a common mode current is excited in unbalance differential transmission line. In this paper, common-mode excitation by differential current sources is compared with that by differential voltage sources in the unbalanced differential transmission line. A equivalent circuit describing the differential transmission line are used...
A novel circuit model for short transmission lines is derived by a straightforward reduction of a broadband modal network considering only the static mode and acceleration inductances. The presented network is compared to conventional equivalent circuit models in time- and frequency domain. It is found that the novel network provides a better performance in almost all cases, although the network's...
This paper describes a new methodology of construction of the internal activity block of an ICEM-CE model of an FPGA based on a predictive approach using the estimation tools of the dynamic power and the static timing proposed by the manufacturer of the integrated circuit.
The electrical behavior of a cavity with arbitrary shape, lossy walls and lossy filling material, which is excited by electrically small current elements, is represented by a novel broadband Foster-type circuit based on the eigenmodes of the cavity. This model is inherently stable in the time domain and allows the simulation of arbitrary nonlinear loads with a commercial circuit simulator. The convergence...
This paper describes the results of evaluation and simulation modeling of the influence of a silicon substrate propagation disturbance on circuit operation in silicon-on-insulator BCD (BIPOLAR/CMOS/LDMOS) process. In the evaluation, the susceptibility of the Widlar bandgap voltage reference (BGR) to a disturbance propagating from the substrate is measured by direct RF power injection tests in the...
A highly versatile broadband equivalent circuit model for arbitrary lossy wire networks including moderate radiation losses is presented. Based on a quasistatic Method-of-Moments-eigenvalue problem a modal multiport circuit is derived with minimal computational effort, offering fast convergence and inherent stability for time-domain simulations with arbitrary active/passive non-linear loads. The model...
The use of virtual simulation in industrial design and validation processes has considerably increased over the last years, due to better algorithms, affordable computational power with good performance and gradual acceptance of its results by technical experts. Nevertheless, although electromagnetic simulation has also evolved, it still does not have the same penetration in validation processes as...
This paper presents a hybrid approach to the investigation of the performance of printed circuit boards (PCB) by examining the impact of parasitic parameters of the board design on the efficiency of a device. First, parasitic parameters are extracted from the board layout by 3D quasistatic field solvers. Second, the corresponding equivalent circuit is constructed. Third, the extracted parasitic circuits...
The equivalent circuits modeling method is developed for the EMP(Electromagnetic pulse) generators of the equipment-level immunity test. On the double-exponential function of EMP waveform, the corresponding circuit structure is introduced, and the calculation method is given to obtain the circuit RLC parameters. For the generators of EFT(Electrical Fast Transient/Burst), surge combination wave, and...
In this paper, we model the inductive current clamp (ICC) method described in the ISO 7637-3 standard, where we apply a broadband transient signal as disturbance. To validate the advocated model, a nonlinear device under test (DUT) is simulated, manufactured and measured under the ISO 7637-3 standard test conditions. Furthermore, it is shown that the proposed model can be used to study the DUT's immunity.
An estimation method of the induced current of a transmission line under the bulk current injection (BCI) test is presented. In this method, the influence of the current injected by the BCI probe is expressed using the equivalent voltage and current sources. By modelling the transmission line loaded with the BCI probe as a 3-port network, an absolute value of the induced current of transmission line...
A novel passive, inherently stable and convergence accelerated Foster-type circuit model for non-uniform transmission lines (TLs) including the effect of radiation is presented. The straightforward derivation is based on the solution of the TL equations by finite differences in conjunction with an eigenvector expansion. Radiation losses are included by modal conductances, calculated from the radiated...
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