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This paper presents a new transceiver for impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) systems. This work is related to CHIST-ERA SMARTER project (Smart Multifunctional Architecture and Technology for Energy aware wireless sensoRs) which address autonomous wireless sensors nodes. The ultra low-power transceiver consists of an on-off keying (OOK) modulator/demodulator and a pulse generator. To reduce power...
In this work the design of low power infrared transceiver ASIC with AMS350nm technology is presented. There are two different types of transceiver designs that have been developed. The first design is based on IrDA 9600 baud serial infrared (SIR) standard physical signal layer that uses split-phase Manchester coding technique and the second design is using uni-polar return zero coding (RZ) technique...
The paper presents the novel receiver architecture for the short-range wireless sensor communication, based on Integral Pulse Frequency Modulator (IPFM) and Ultra-Wideband (UWB) pulse generator. UWB IPFM wireless sensor transmits ultra-wideband pulse pairs with information contained in the distance between consecutive pulse pairs. Multi-user coding is performed using delay elements, where each user...
The usage and deployment of Wireless Body Sensor Networks (WBSN) as a part of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are rapidly increasing in many different real-time monitoring and applications. This emergent network has strong Quality of Service (QoS) requirements and, as it is a recent field of research, it is not yet clear if these requirements can be guaranteed in severe fading and external RF interference...
Achieving low power consumption, size reduction, and space optimization are all challenges in resource-constrained wireless devices such as Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) nodes. For instance, WSN nodes use duty cycle to improve their power efficiency, and wake-up radio (WUR) is used as a control channel to wake the nodes up. With its highly flexible features, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA)...
In order to expand the application domain of field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), a highly-integrated wireless configuration scheme is presented by transfering the configuration data with RF method. To fulfill the configuration system, three key hardware portions are necessary, including the configuration controller in FPGA, the RF data channel and the configuration host. In this paper, the central...
IR-UWB communication systems have become popular for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) applications in recent times. This paper presents the development and testing of an IR-UWB coordinator node that includes an IR-UWB receiver front-end and a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based controller. The IR-UWB receiver front-end down converts the high frequency (3.5–4.5 GHz) IR-UWB pulses using a mixer...
The paper presents a Field Programmable Gate Array based digital logic emulator capable of implementing Boolean functions which forms a platform for the design of higher combinational and sequential logic circuits. A Wireless Sensor Node has also been designed and implemented to exhibit the functionality of the node's transmitter, receiver and main controller before the actual deployment. RTD Pt100...
Achieving low power consumption, size reduction, increased efficiency, and space optimization are all challenges in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). WSNs use duty cycle to improve its power efficiency, and wake-up radio (WUR) is used as a control channel to wake up WSN nodes. With its highly flexible features, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is one of the attractive candidates for implementing...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology has been getting a lot of attention in recent years due to its low-cost, portability, easy deployment, self-organisation, and reconfigurability. Two main challenges faced by designers are availability and power/energy management for WSN. This paper presents a design for a wireless sensor node, which provides automated reconfiguration for both availability and...
Received signal strength (RSS) based source localization papers often ignore the practical effects of range limits in the measurements. In many devices, this results in some sensors not reporting beyond some maximum range; and in others, the RSS is still observed but may exhibit a noise floor at large ranges. This paper models these situations and demonstrates their effect on positioning algorithms...
We present the design of a distributed data acquisition system for passive and active multi-modal sensing that is capable of synchronized signal sampling within ±5 microseconds. The system is employed in a “wireless cortex” architecture for multi-modal cognitive scene analysis.
One issue with underwater sensors is how to efficiently transfer large amounts of data collected by the node to an interrogating platform such as an underwater vehicle. It is often impractical to make a physical connection between the node and the vehicle which suggests an acoustic or optical wireless solution. For large amounts of data, the high bandwidth of underwater optical wireless is an advantage...
In this paper the description of hardware modules for managing underwater wireless optical communication is proposed. The modules have been developed for testing purposes considering previous released protocols for optical wireless communication (i.e. IEEE 802.11-IR) and the characteristics of underwater medium and taking into account the possible integration with current technologies for terrestrial...
Indoor localization and asset tracking is an area of research which is finding increasing application in monitoring the wellbeing of elderly subjects in hospital or residential care environments. Radio frequency (RF) based localization methods tend to show poor performance in indoor environments, due to multipath scatter, and simple room-level misassociations, resulting from the relative transparency...
This paper presents a low cost indoor ultrasonic-based positioning system. This system allows the mobile nodes of a Wireless Sensor Network to know their location using radiofrequency and ultrasonics. To achieve this goal, a matrix of transmitting anchor points is installed whereas the mobile nodes receive these transmitted signals and estimate the time-of-flight of the ultrasonic signals. Using two...
A blueprint for an experimental low-power communications device (wireless mote) suitable for ad-hoc and networking applications is presented. The proposed device implements a random access packet-based communications protocol that exploits a special packet structure which is composed of separate header and payload portions. To enable robust packet detection, the headers consist of a preassigned spreading...
An impulse-radio receiver architecture for the 300-MHz frequency band is presented. Digital signal processing (DSP), which compensates cycle-to-cycle jitter and frequency drift of transmitter clock, is performed in a FPGA DSP board. Owing to the process, the detection range for transmitted packets is considerably enlarged, which improves the communication range between a transmitter and receiver....
The most promising application of field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) is reconfigurable computing, which gives basis for prototyping a swarm intelligence and the behavior of smart objects. With different configurations, the functionality of an FPGA can change different modular units of smart objects. With a swarm of these FPGA-based objects, it is possible to take advantage of a new kind of data...
Wireless sensor network (WSN) applications demand ultra low power devices. Digital Ultra Wideband (UWB) transceiver can be used as the communication module in a WSN due it its potential for location tracking, ranging and low data rate communication. Current digital UWB receiver architecture incorporates heavy parallelism, which significantly increases power consumption, especially during the acquisition...
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