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Spatially unbalanced energy consumption among sensors is the most important issue in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). This uneven energy consumption can significantly reduce network lifetime. The use of sink mobility with constrained paths and decreasing the message flood by limiting the flood area can help to improve the energy efficiency in WSNs. Maximum Amount Shortest Path routing (MASP) is an...
In dynamic networks, if the nodes are not scattered uniformly in area, to guarantee the coverage is difficult. However, we cannot use uniformly deployment strategy all the time. Uniformly scattering the nodes increases unbalanced traffic pattern in dynamic networks. Clustering seems a good solution for most problems of dynamic networks. However, there is another serious problem. Cluster heads (CHs)...
The use of hierarchical structure in a wireless sensor network such as the Smart Grid can significantly improve monitoring networks through the use of data aggregation techniques. This reduces the processing at the central server as well as allowing for localized processing and decision-making at the nodes. However, existing routing protocols such as LEACH suffer from limited support for upstream...
In Wireless Sensor Networks, Sensors are generally battery powered devices. This networks is used to gather various kinds of information to Base station (BS). They consist of computational power, storage capacity, energy supply are the important issues in their energy constraint. To maximize the network lifetime, we need not only to minimize total energy consumption and also balance WSN load. In this...
This paper considers a cluster-based wireless sensor network (WSN) where each sensor node takes turn to be cluster head. The main function of the cluster head is to oversee the communication within and between clusters while the remaining sensor nodes are involved in sensing of the surrounding environment. We address the sensor utilization problem where non-cluster head nodes in a cluster make decision...
Wireless sensor networks have become one of the most tempting networking technologies since it can be deployed without the need of a communication infrastructure. In general, there are some major concerns with this technology. That is, sensor node should have a long lasting system lifetime. And the system should keep the livability of nodes in a received level during the using process. In such systems...
Opportunistic Routing (OR) has been considered as one promising technique to overcome the unreliability of the wireless medium by collaborating multiple neighboring receivers/candidates for packet forwarding. A key challenge in OR is how to efficiently coordinate the multiple candidates and ensure only one of them to forward the packet. In this paper, we investigate the existing candidate coordination...
A wireless sensor network consists of hundreds or thousands of small energy-limited sensors that are densely deployed in a large geographical region. It has been demonstrated that low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) is an energy-efficient routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks (WSN). In this paper, we present a Time-based cluster-head selection algorithm for LEACH. We call this...
We propose a novel distributed cross-layer optimization approach for cognitive radio wireless networks. A cognitive radio is a wireless device that is capable of sensing the prevailing environmental conditions and automatically adapting its operating parameters in order to enhance the performance of both the system and potentially the whole network. Given the lack of a centralized intelligence to...
A principal factor in sensor network design is energy efficiency. In this work, we propose to extend the lifetime of sensor networks using appropriate choice of sensor node distribution. The key idea of our scheme is to deploy more nodes in areas of extensive energy usage. Using this scheme of sensor node distribution, we use probabilistic angular routing to route data packets from the sensor nodes...
This paper presents a distributed fermat-point range estimation strategy, which is important in the moving sensor localization applications. The fermat-point is defined as a point which minimizes the sum of distances from three sensors inside a triangle. This point is indeed at the trianglepsilas center of gravity. We solve the problems of large errors and poor performance in the bounding box algorithm...
In this paper, we address the issue of transmission power control (TPC) in wireless ad hoc networks. Power control plays an important role in energy saving and network performance enhancement. However, the existing TPC schemes either face the problem of hidden and exposed terminal or have additional hardware requirements. We propose a novel distributed power control protocol, called Receiver Initiated...
Sink mobility has become an increasingly important requirement of various sensor network applications. Handling such mobile sink conditions brings new challenges to large-scale sensor networking. This investigation proposed a hybrid-structure routing protocol (HSRP) that combines the benefits of grid-based and cluster-based structures. Grid-based structure is designed to solve the cluster head selection...
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