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The electrical machines are gaining more and more attentions nowadays, especially for the electric vehicle application. Compared with the radial flux machine, the axial flux machine can have higher torque density and efficiency due to its tight structure. However, most of the axial flux machines are designed with the surface mounted permanent magnets (PMs) rotor, where the reluctance torque ability...
This paper presents the electromagnetic and thermal analysis of a salient-pole synchronous machine and a permanent magnet synchronous machine with very high torque density for a wheel hub traction drive in an electric vehicle. In order to find the best trade-off between a very high peak torque and a high efficiency throughout the whole operating range, four highly utilized machines with an outer rotor...
This paper presents the control strategies of switched reluctance machine (SRM) applied to EV traction for operations in generating mode. The proposed approach is capable of preventing the exciting current entering the ascending-inductance region so that the unwanted motoring action can be utterly avoided. This can enhance the efficiency of energy recovery during the braking period and is beneficial...
Coasting is a fuel-saving driving mode that is usually active when the vehicle slows down. In an electric vehicle (EV), coasting can be achieved by letting the q-axis current to be set to zero. However, braking action often occurs at high speeds when the gas pedal is tipped off. That is, negative torque is produced while the q-axis current is equal to zero. Such a braking torque reduces the coasting...
This paper presents a comprehensive comparison of switched reluctance machines (SRM) with short pitched and full pitched windings for the same machine geometry. A switched reluctance machine designed for off-road vehicles with short-pitched windings is rewound with full-pitched windings and the two winding structures are compared. The effect of number of turns on the torque speed characteristics is...
In order to reduce energy consumption, we have developed a technique that quickly reverses salient poles in permanent magnet (PM) motors. When this proposed technique is used, because of this permanent magnetization, PM motors can change negative salient poles to positive salient poles. This paper proposes a novel PM motor that uses our proposed technique to reverse saliency and describes the principle...
The electric drive system is one of the most important parts of electric vehicles (EVs), whose function is the conversion between electric energy and mechanical energy. Switched reluctance motor (SRM) has the features of simple construction, high starting torque, wide speed range, high efficiency and high reliability which are appropriate for EVs drive system. Firstly, instantaneous torque control...
Commercially available electrical machines are generally not optimized for a broad operating range, as required in e.g. vehicle traction applications. The required mechanical angular velocity of the wheels for electrical vehicle propulsion is relatively low (around 1,000 rpm), while the torque demand is high (around 500 Nm). This combination requires an adequate solution in the mechanical, electromechanical...
This paper treats a speed-sensorless drive of a three-phase Induction Motor (squirrel-cage). The purpose is to implement an electric traction system, based on the use of IM controlled by power electronic converter. This system allows the speed control of the vehicle, forward, backward and regenerative braking. The four quadrants operation is required. The developed control strategy is based on classical...
Estimation of dimension parameters for an electrical machine has great importance before manufacturing. For this reason, analytical design should be performed in an optimum form. While motor analysis is accomplished by package programs, initial size parameters are intutivily provided and then various trials are examined to get optimum results. In this study, we are trying to find dimensional and electrical...
Switched reluctance (SR) motors have many advantages such as simple and solid construction, low-cost on manufacturing, excellent reliability at high temperatures, and large torque density. However, the higher torque ripple from magnetic saliency is a serious problem preventing its applications from being expanded. Several torque control methods have been already proposed. In practical use, a controller...
The design process of direct-driven permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous machines (PMSMs) for a full electric 4 4 sports car is presented. The rotor structure of the machine consists of two PM layers embedded inside the rotor laminations, thus resulting in some inverse saliency, where the -axis inductance is larger than the -axis one. An integer slot stator winding was selected to fully take...
A Unified Field Dual Mechanical Machine is proposed in the paper, which features as spoke type PM arrangement. The presented machine has superior torque behavior compared with traditional type IPM machine. The d-axis current in the new machine has better utility, which make the presented machine a perfect match with the electric vehicle. The torque strengthen effect is analyzed with FEA, and the regular...
Electric vehicle has speed vibration problem in Low-speed condition; one of the reasons is that the vehicle power-train resonates with motor's torque ripple in low motor speed. This paper analyzes the reason of motor's torque ripple in low speed; and proposes a method to reduced torque ripple in particular speed that vehicle power-train's natural frequency corresponding to; and builds motor model...
This paper presents a comparison of different permanent magnets synchronous motors (PMSM) having a high homopolar or zero-sequence inductance. The high value of zero-sequence inductance is particularly a necessity for certain applications in which the winding coupling is not in Wye connection. Thereby, the homopolar currents which are sources of losses are reduced and minimized. In this study, we...
The electric vehicles need high efficient torque control system. Therefore, this paper proposes the novel excitation interval control method. The excitation intervals are concentrated around the rotor position where the derivative of inductance becomes maximum values. The efficiency of proposed method is superior to the efficiency of conventional methods.
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