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Ion-exchange membranes are used in electrodialysis (ED) for desalination of aqueous electrolyte solutions. The flux of ions removed by this process is limited by the concentration polarization at the interfaces between membranes and solutions. According to the classical theory of current polarization for ion-exchange membranes, the current should increase linearly at low voltage, then increase more...
Electrodialysis uses ion-exchange membranes to reduce the ionic content of water by applying an electrical field. An electrodialysis reversal (EDR) plant with two electrical stages, each with three hydraulic stages, was characterized over two ranges of salinity by desalting standard aqueous solutions prepared with sodium chloride. The parameters which characterize the working optimum of an EDR pilot...
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