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This review represents the focus of a symposium that was presented at the “Alcoholism and Stress: A Framework for Future Treatment Strategies” conference in Volterra, Italy on May 3–6, 2011 and organized/chaired by Dr. Brendan M. Walker. The primary goal of the symposium was to evaluate and disseminate contemporary findings regarding the emerging role of kappa-opioid receptors (KORs) and their endogenous...
This study describes the effects of melatonin on cocaine-induced anxiety-like behavior and nucleus accumbens (NAc) cAMP levels in rats. Animals drinking a solution of melatonin (200 ng/ml) at night, either during repeated cocaine administration (15 mg/kg i.p., twice a day for 9 days) or during its withdrawal, showed less anxiety-like behavior in a defensive withdrawal paradigm 48 h after the last...
The extracellular signal regulated protein kinases (ERKs), also known as mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) of 42 and 44 kd, play a crucial role in the induction of various forms of neural plasticity. Ethanol induces long-lasting functional changes that are more severe following repeated exposure and may involve intracellular signal transduction mechanisms. Therefore, we investigated the regulation...
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