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Population dynamics predict a drastic growth in the number of older minority women, and resultant increases in the number of fractures. Low bone mineral density (BMD) is an important risk factor for fracture. Many studies have identified the lifestyle and health-related factors that correlate with BMD in Whites. Few studies have focused on non-Whites. The objective of the current analyses is to examine...
Background: In the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study (EPOS), a past spine fracture increased risk of an incident fracture 3.6-12-fold even after adjusting for BMD. We examined the possibility that biochemical marker levels were associated with this unexplained BMD-independent element of fracture risk. Methods: Each of 182 cases in EPOS of spine or non-spine fracture that occurred in 3.8 years...
Bone density measurements by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the spine can now be made precisely, but there is no uniformity in reporting results and in presenting reference data. A European Union Concerted Action therefore devised a uniform procedure for cross-calibrating and standardizing instruments, using the European spine phantom (ESP) prototype. This phantom differs in a number of respects...
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