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In this paper, we present a dense 3D reconstruction algorithm adapted to stereoscopic omni directional sensors. Our main contributions are the generalization of global constraints to central systems and the use of dynamic programming to take them into account. Experimental results show the interest of our algorithm on real data.
Three dimensional point clouds acquired by range scanners often do not represent the environment precisely due to noise and errors in the acquisition process. These latter systematical errors manifest as deformations of different kinds in the 3D range image. This paper presents a novel approach to correct deformations by an analysis of the structures present in the environment and correcting them...
The recently introduced Minimum Uncertainty Maximum Consensus (MUMC) algorithm for 3D scene registration using planar-patches is tested in a large outdoor urban setting without any prior motion estimate whatsoever. With the aid of a new overlap metric based on unmatched patches, the algorithm is shown to work successfully in most cases. The absolute accuracy of its computed result is corroborated...
This paper describes the vision-based obstacle detection system of the CWRU Cutter, an Autonomous Lawnmower developed for the annual ??Institute of Navigation (ION) Autonomous Lawnmower Competition.?? Unlike LIDAR sensors commonly found on autonomous vehicles, computer vision systems can provide similar information at drastically reduced prices. Though significantly more cost-effective than LIDAR,...
The paper reports the electronics used in a new developed wireless endoscopic capsule provided with novel focus and locomotion features. The locomotion is enabled by using legs driven by 2 brushless DC (BLDC) micromotors. The focusing system is enabled by using a liquid lens with a variable focal. These functions are managed by an ASIC that has been developed to provide the specific innovative functions...
Balancing a normal pencil on its tip requires rapid feedback control with latencies on the order of milliseconds. This demonstration shows how a pair of spike-based silicon retina dynamic vision sensors (DVS) is used to provide fast visual feedback for controlling an actuated table to balance an ordinary pencil. Two DVSs view the pencil from right angles. Movements of the pencil cause spike address-events...
Application of a vision system and a remote control car to an elective fourth year design project in electrical engineering is discussed. The design project involves learning and application of various sensors, actuators, control theories. The end product of the design project is an intelligent vehicle that is able to follow an emulated highway automatically. A camera with embedded color tracking...
In the near future robots will be used in home environments to provide assistance for the elderly and challenged people. The arrangement of sensors influences greatly the quality of information provided to the robot. We, therefore, examine the problem of the optimal arrangement of vision sensors for the case of a robot following a pre-defined path. A methodology to evaluate the arrangement of sensors...
This paper proposes an implementation of Fast-SLAM for localization and mapping for an indoor environment. The system use only the bearing information retrieved from an omnidirectional camera via vertical line segments which are common in an indoor environment. The real world experiment is also presented using Pioneer-DX3 mobile robot moving in a room with several objects.
Microsoft recently announced the release of Microsoft robotics studio (MSRS) for developing applications for robots. By itself, it is interesting to see this new toolkit, but it should appeal beyond those interested in programming robots. In this research, MSRS is used to control the LEGO MINDSTORMS NXT robot motion using Webcam for road sign recognition. MSRS software, Sensors, and Motors are used...
We model the rebound phenomenon between a ping-pong ball and the table/racket rubber. In the model between the ball and racket rubber, it is assumed that the kinetic energy of the contact velocity is stored as the potential energy due to the elasticity of the rubber. This assumption leads to that the impulse in the horizontal direction is proportional to the contact velocity. The vertical and horizontal...
2D laser range finders have been widely used in mobile robot navigation. However, their use is limited to simple environments containing objects of regular geometry and shapes. Stereo vision, instead, provides 3D structural data of complex objects. In this paper, measurements from a stereo vision camera system and a 2D laser range finder are fused to dynamically plan and navigate a mobile robot in...
This paper presents a simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm (SLAM) by using a new 3D sensor namely the photonic mixer devices (PMD). The PMD camera enables 3D image grabbing within a few milliseconds and gives an important impulse in visual 3D sensing. This camera is capable of capturing reliable depth images directly in real-time. The PMD is also compact and affordable, which makes it attractive...
In network based operations (NbO), critical decisions can be optimised thanks to a better information sharing between commanders. The Phoenix 2007 experimentation applies the NbO concept to the platoon level. The experimentation introduces collaborative services for video sharing and decision making in order to cope with urban area, tactical mobility and uncertain environment. They open new spectrum...
The recognition and localization of objects in space is of fundamental interest in many robot vision applications, especially in those that are supposed to provide services to human beings. The trivial example of any such task is manipulation, i.e., providing a robot the means of handling objects. In this work, we discuss the chances and the problems experienced when using a time-of-flight camera...
We have developed a new vision based autopilot able to make a micro-air vehicle automatically navigate in steep relief. It uses onboard Optic Flow sensors inspired by the housefly's Elementary Motion Detectors (EMDs) that were previously investigated at our Laboratory with electrophysiological and micro-optical techniques. The paper investigates how the ground avoidance performances of the former...
A probabilistic approach is proposed for Simultaneous robot Localization and Person-Tracking using Rao-Blackwellised particle filters (RBPF). Such filters represent posteriors over the person location by a mixture of Kalman Filters, where each is conditioned on a sample of robot pose. Furthermore, information collected via multi-modal sensors is utilized in the RBPFs framework to improve the performance...
In the energy-constrained medium of video sensor networks, the objective of much research has been to statistically minimize the number of nodes that will achieve a sufficient degree of coverage. We consider increasing the number of nodes beyond the threshold of full coverage, and cooperatively filtering out the high level of redundant data in the video streams to minimize per-node capacity requirements...
Robots that never need any calibration of their kinematics, their actuators or their sensors promise great advantages in terms of maintenance cost, robustness and dependability. Here we propose an approach for realizing such robots for calibration-free vision-based object manipulation. The underlying concepts are based on the utilization of laws of projective geometry that always apply, regardless...
The capability to assemble structures is fundamental to the use of robotics in precursor missions in orbit and on planetary surfaces. We have performed autonomous assembly in neutral buoyancy of elements of a space truss whose mating components require positioning tolerances of the same order of magnitude as the noise in the sensor systems used for the docking. Numerous trade-offs, design decisions,...
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