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This paper focuses on path following algorithms for mobile robots with velocity constraints on the wheels. The path considered consists of straight lines intersected with given angles. We present a fast real-time receding horizon controller which anticipates the intersections and smoothly controls the robot through the turnings while fulfilling the velocity constraints.
In this paper we present an algorithm for autonomous path tracking of a mobile robot to track straight and curved paths traced in the environment. The algorithm uses a fuzzy logic based approach for path tracking so that human driving behavior can be emulated in the mobile robot. The method combines a fuzzy steering controller, which controls the steering angle of the mobile robot for path tracking,...
In this paper, a reduced order model of dynamic and drive models augmentation of a skid steering mobile robot is presented. Moreover, a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controller augmented with a feed-forward part is designed for controlling this reduced order model. The controller is simple in terms of design and implementation in comparison with complex nonlinear control schemes that are usually...
This paper presents an adaptive unscented Kalman filter (AUKF)-based sliding mode control (SMC) method for effective tracking of the slip ratio applicable to wheeled mobile robots (WMR). The adaptive unscented Kalman filter is developed to estimate the vehicle longitudinal velocity and the wheel angular velocity in the presence of system parameter variation and disturbances. An adaptive adjustment...
A time-optimal speed schedule results in a mobile robot driving along a planned path at or near the limits of the robot's capability. However, deriving models to predict the effect of increased speed can be very difficult. In this paper, we present a speed scheduler that uses previous experience, instead of complex models, to generate time-optimal speed schedules. The algorithm is designed for a vision-based,...
Formation control is an important field in multi-robot coordinated control. Solution of formation navigation in structured static environment is presented in this paper. It is assumed that high level planner is available, which generates collision free trajectory for leader robot. Leader robot is forced to track generated trajectory, while followers' trajectories are generated based on the trajectory...
This paper presents a novel control approach for trajectory tracking control of nonholonomic Wheeled Mobile Robots (WMRs) which is named “Lyapunov-based Guidance Control (LGC)”. To date, various methodologies have been suggested for solving this problem. However, the proposed kinematical method of this investigation has some advantages in terms of its mathematical simplicity, and good tracking performance...
Using the method of stochastic extremum seeking, we navigate an autonomous vehicle, modeled as a nonholonomic unicycle, towards the maximum of an unknown, spatially distributed signal field by measuring only the signal at the vehicle's position. The vehicle position is not measured. Keeping the angular velocity constant, we control the forward velocity by designing a stochastic source seeking control...
In this study, a reference governor approach is proposed for path tracking of nonholonomic mobile robot considering prescribed constraints. The proposed approach is designed to minimize the tracking error with a desired speed while satisfying all other constraints such as bounds on linear and angular velocities, acceleration. This approach determines the control inputs of a path tracking algorithm...
In this paper, a novel haptic interface is proposed for general teleoperation of wheeled and tracked vehicle. The new mechanism of the proposed haptic interface shown in Fig. 1 not only allows human operator to easily tele-operate various types of target vehicles including car-like vehicles, mobile robots, tracked vehicles, but also improve the operators' perception of target vehicles' operating status...
Although recent progress in 2D mobile robot navigation has been significant, the great majority of existing work focuses only on ensuring that the robot reaches its goal. But to make autonomous navigation truly successful, the “quality” of planned motion is important as well. Here, we develop and analyze a pose-following kinematic control law applicable to unicycle-type robots, such that the robot...
This work considers the re-design of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) in which an innovative, neurobiological inspired sensorization control system is being implemented. Hardware architecture and sensorization control software are being developed to allow autonomous navigation procedures for submarine vehicles. After the refurbishment of the vehicle and the update of its control system, the...
Holonomic omnidirectional mobile robots are useful because of their high level of mobility in narrow or crowded areas, and omnidirectional robots equipped with normal tires are desired for their ability to surmount difference in level as well as their vibration suppression and ride comfort. A caster-drive mechanism using normal tires has been developed to realize a holonomic omnidiredctional robot,...
The paper studies the observability properties of the relative localization of two Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) equipped with depth sensors, linear/angular velocity sensors, and communication devices with range measurement. The conditions that ensure observability of the linearized model and locally weak observability of the nonlinear system are derived. An Extended Kalman Filter is then...
A new approach for adaptive torque distribution of 4-Powered Caster Vehicle (4-PCV) is presented on complex terrain without any additional sensor. The objective is that torques applied to wheels are dynamically redistributed based on the real time conditions of the whole wheel-ground interactions in order to track the desired trajectory. A novel approach based on the redundant actuated wheels is proposed...
The paper deals with a general class of leader-follower formations of unicycle robots induced by a constraint function that depends on the position and the orientation of the vehicles. We study the flexibility of such formations by introducing the notion of formation internal dynamics, characterize its equilibria and give sufficient geometric conditions for their existence. In particular, we show...
Mecanum wheels give vehicles and robots autonomous omni-directional capabilities, while regular wheels don't. The omni-directionality that such wheels provide makes the vehicle extremely maneuverable, which could be very helpful in different indoor and outdoor applications. However, current Mecanum wheel designs can only operate on flat hard surfaces, and perform very poorly on rough terrains. This...
In this paper, motion control and stabilization of a 4-wheel skid-steering mobile robot (4WSSMR) are studied. A ratio controller which has been successfully applied in the chemical industry is designed to limit the vehicle lateral skid. Motion stability is guaranteed by generating an appropriate steering action (driving bias in left and right wheels) according to the states of the vehicle. A model...
This paper considers the formation control problem of a group of Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) in SE(3). The vehicles among the team are required to track a reference velocity signal and maintain a desired formation. For each vehicle in the formation, we propose a design methodology based on the separation of the translational and the rotational dynamics, using...
Rollover avoidance for tracked vehicles with sub-tracks is a difficult, but necessary task. In this study, rollover avoidance, specifically in the direction of the roll, is performed using a normalized energy stability margin which requires the estimation of a robot's tumble axis. However, a precise estimation of the tumble axis is very difficult because it requires accurate distributed contact information...
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