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Stimulation of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism by Ca 2+ is now generally recognised as important for the control of cellular ATP homeostasis. Here, we review the mechanisms through which Ca 2+ regulates mitochondrial ATP synthesis. We focus on cardiac myocytes and pancreatic β-cells, where tight control of this process is likely to play an important role in the response to rapid...
AMP-activated protein kinase influences cellular metabolism, glucose-regulated gene expression, and insulin secretion of pancreatic beta cells. Its sustained activation by culture at low glucose concentrations or in the presence of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR) was shown to trigger apoptosis in beta cells. This study shows that both low glucose- and AICAR-induced apoptosis are associated...
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