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Micro-grids are bits of a power circulation organize that supply various loads, and incorporate distributed generation (DG) like: wind and solar generators. Optimal power flow (OPF) is considered with the goal of limiting either the power circulation misfortunes, or, the cost of influence drawn from the substation and provided by (DG) units. This paper analyzes two systems: a system with no transmission...
This paper develops a conversion function and method transforming from daily peak load curve used LOLED [days/year] to hourly load curve used LOLEH [hours/year] firstly. The indices can not only be conversed just arithmetically but also have different characteristics physically because of using their different load curves. The conversion function is formulated as variables of capacity and forced outage...
The purpose of this paper is to determine the characteristics of properly functioning capacity remuneration mechanism, analyze the inefficiency of most popular mechanisms, and propose the novel concept of effective and controllable subsidy. The proposed mechanism guarantees differentiated remuneration depending on the technologies' contribution to the power system. It rewards higher the technologies...
Achieving supply demand balance in power systems requires controllable energy storage. The primary sources of controllable storage are the fuel stockpiles at generators (i.e. gas, coal, water, etc.). There is increasing interest in alternative forms of storage due to factors such as the continuing increase in intermittent energy generation sources, concerns with increasing network costs and demand...
The paper highlights the reliability estimation tool for power system's reliability estimation study. The reliability estimation tool was applied to the different configurations of Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) systems Capacity, Isolated Redundant, Parallel Redundant, Distributed Redundant, and System plus System Redundant configurations. UPS reliability parameters such as failure rates, Mean...
A large integration of offshore wind power plants and the construction of an offshore transmission network is expected for the next years. This network is also expected to interconnect onshore transmission systems. A key question to this endeavour is whether this offshore network should be n-1 redundant like the onshore network, or whether the onshore power system is strong enough to cope with failures...
Recent studies have shown that dynamic removal of transmission lines from operation ("Transmission Switching") can reduce costs associated with power system operation. Smart Grid systems introduce flexibility into the transmission network topology and enable co-optimization of generation and network topology. The optimal transmission switching (OTS) problem has been posed in on small test...
This paper describes intelligent ways in which distributed generation and local loads can be controlled during large system disturbances, using Local Power Controllers. When distributed generation is available, and a system disturbance is detected early enough, the generation can be dispatched, and its output power can be matched as closely as possible to local microgrid demand levels. Priority-based...
Quality of Service (QOS) is a measure of the ability of the power system to reliably provide loads electrical power with the power continuity required by the loads. QOS recognizes that different loads can tolerate different power interruption durations. This paper reviews QOS concepts as described in IEEE 1662-2008 and IEEE 1709-2010, describes methods for employing QOS in the design of shipboard...
Various energy storage systems have been adopted in power systems for economic and reliability reasons. In order to maintain the reliability of power systems, reserve power needs to be scheduled against possible generation unit outages. The variation of wind power outputs also requires additional reserve power in addition to the reserve for the possible generation unit outages. Superconducting Magnetic...
This paper proposes a new method for probabilistic reliability evaluation with Tabu Search (TS) of meta-heuristics (MH). Recently, the power networks increase the degree of the uncertainties due to the new environment of power network liberations, the emergence of the renewable energy, etc. The importance of the probabilistic reliability assessment of electric power systems has been recognized as...
It is conducive to ensuring the safety and reliability of the power system that the timely and accurate evaluation of the reliability of the large generator. A composite evaluation method of the fault probability for the large generator based on the multi-characteristic parameters is proposed in this paper, and it can be employed to solve the difficult problem how the occurrence probability of fault...
Genetic Algorithm (GA) is emerging as a popular tool in the optimization problems of power systems. In reliability indices calculation and adequacy assessment, methods have been previously developed to use GA as the sampling tool. One of the techniques developed is to use GA as the state space pruning tool in order to truncate the state space before calculating the reliability indices. This means...
Since 2004 changes in the regulatory framework of the Chilean public and electricity sectors have been taken place (19940 law in March 2004). Transparency rules must be following by the market agents in pricing procedures of the electricity market. Consequently, technical, economical, and reliability data of the Chilean power system are available for simulation and optimization purposes. The Chilean...
As wind power achieves higher penetration levels and becomes a more and more substantial portion of our electric energy supply, more stringent requirements are being placed on wind plants. As wind plants displace traditional synchronous generators in terms of percentages, the wind plants must also do their part to maintain stability and reliability of the power system. Modern power electronics are...
This paper explains a fast acting Under Frequency Load Shedding and restoration scheme. This load shedding technique has an added advantage of selecting the amount of load which is to be dropped at a particular frequency threshold. The amount of load dropping is selected based on the rate of change of the frequency. Automatic restoration of loads is discussed with engaging a command signal from the...
Preventive Maintenance Scheduling of generating units is an important requirement in a power system planning. The maintenance of the various equipments in a power System, especially the maintenance of generators is directly related to the overall reliability of the power system. However, the Maintenance Scheduling (MS) problem is a constrained optimization problem. The objective function of this problem...
This paper proposes a new methodology for evaluating the probabilistic reliability of grid constrained composite power system including the WTG. The proposed model can consider capacity limitation and forced outage rate of transmission line. The importance of renewable energy sources has been growing at a high rate as a result of being environment friendly. In particular, wind energy is one of the...
In a restructured power system, there are many players who benefit from Demand Response (DR). These include the Market Operator (MO), the Transmission System Operator (TSO), Distributors, Retailers, Aggregators, and also consumers. This paper proposes a new concept - Demand Response eXchange (DRX) - in which DR is treated as a virtual resource that can be exchanged between two groups of players, namely...
This paper presents a optimal control and allocation strategy for Internal combustion-Linear Generator integrated Power System (ICLGIPS), the main objective of the strategy is to improve efficiency of the system. Linear generator (LEG) works alternately as electromotor and generator during one work period, energy storage device converts and transfers energy between power source and LEG, energy conversion...
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