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Recent studies report that 35% of women are either overweight or obese at reproductive age. The placenta continuously releases exosomes across gestation and their concentration is higher in pregnancy complications. While there is considerable interest in elucidating the role of exosomes during gestation, important questions remain to be answered: i) Does maternal BMI affect the exosomal profile across...
Obesity during pregnancy can cause serious complications for maternal and infant health. While this has often been attributed to increased inflammation during obese pregnancy, human and animal studies exhibit variable results with respect to the inflammatory status of the mother, placenta and fetus. Cafeteria (CAF) feeding induces more inflammation than standard high-fat feeding in non-pregnant animal...
The maternal immune system undergoes substantial changes to support healthy pregnancy. Although obesity is a primary driver of inflammation and predictive of perinatal complications, additive effects of pregnancy and obesity on changes in inflammatory processes are not well delineated.This study examined serum proinflammatory markers interleukin(IL)-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β, and...
Pre-gravid obesity is associated with increased morbidity and mortality for both mother and offspring. Recent studies have demonstrated a heightened inflammatory response both systemically and locally within the adipose and placental tissue in women with pre-gravid obesity, which may play a role in mediating the adverse pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this study was to characterise the maternal and...
Obesity and pregnancy are associated with a combination of insulin resistance and inflammatory changes which exacerbate in combination. Based on the similarity between the inflammatory transcriptomes of adipose tissue and placenta, we hypothesized that the placenta develops exaggerated inflammation in response to obesity. The aim of this study was to characterize placental inflammatory mediators and...
Fetal overgrowth and higher adiposity are hallmarks of pregnancy with maternal obesity and poor glucose tolerance, two conditions associated with decreased maternal insulin sensitivity. In non-pregnant individuals, adipokines, vasoactive peptides, and components of the immune system crosstalk with metabolic factors to generate signals triggering obesity and impaired insulin action. We have investigated...
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