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Energy consumption of the optical core is expected to contribute to a significant portion of the energy consumed by the telecommunication networks. As an enhanced bandwidth utilization and management extent of the optical Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology, multi-granular switching concept has been shown to guarantee energy savings when compared to the traditional traffic grooming....
We present the virtualization of multi-domain optical networks considered in the STRAUSS project. Novel resource allocation algorithms for virtual network embedding on Elastic Optical Networks (EON) are proposed. The devised algorithms focus on maximizing the link utilization and reducing the Virtual EONs (VEON) blocking rate. The algorithms have been evaluated in terms of three figures of merit,...
Though introducing the conception of “green” to optical networks, we discuss three key technologies to enhance the network energy efficiency rate (NEER), including General Multiple Protocols Label Switch (GMPLS), Passive Optical Network (PON), and Network Redundant Element Shutdown (NRES) technology. The optimization and improvement methods as well as the situation of application of the three technologies...
A unified control plane (UCP) for IP/Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) multi-layer optical networks is a very important issue for network carriers. Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS), with a decade of development and standardization work, is a mature control plane technique for optical transport networks. But GMPLS-based UCP for IP/DWDM multi-layer networks is overly complex...
Future optical networks are expected to provide an efficient infrastructure able to deliver a growing number of services, which have to meet various requirements in terms of quality of service. To achieve this objective the physical network is going through an evolution aimed at increasing its flexibility in terms of spectrum utilization and its level of heterogeneity in terms of supported services...
Energy consumption of the core networks is expected to contribute to a significant portion of the energy consumed by the telecommunication networks. Besides their high capacity and reliability advantages, optical networks have also emerged as promising technologies to ensure energy-efficiency in the core Internet. As an enhanced bandwidth utilization and management extent of the optical WDM technology,...
The convergence of WDM layer and Ethernet layer in metro networks will offer tremendous benefits to simplify network management and optimize network resources. A control plane approach will more efficiently facilitate a carrier-grade Ethernet MAN/WAN. We discuss our research and experiment work on applying GMPLS control plane over an integrated optical Ethernet network to provide carrier-grade Ethernet...
The restoration based on P-Cycle offers ring-like speed and mesh-like capacity efficiency, but the major challenge resides in finding an optimal set of P-Cycles. A new restoration method named Pre-planned restoration rail (P-Rail) is proposed, and formulates the optimized Integer Linear Programming (ILP) algorithm and the sub-cycle rerouting algorithm. P-Rail yields the harsh need of restoration time...
This paper summarizes some new results and schemes within GMPLS framework that take full advantage of WDM/DWDM optical layer taking into consideration the limitations imposed by optical network. We focus on dynamically establishing light paths and autonomously recovering from failures in IP over WDM multilayer networks.
Dynamic resource distribution of General Multi-protocol Label Switch (GMPLS) network provides an appropriate technology for Data-intensive transmission. This technique can support the application of optical virtual concatenation (OVC) which uses a group of wavelengths to transmit a large scale data in parallel. With RESV-TE protocol, optical channels of OVC can be easily established in GMPLS network...
Survivability is a key issue in optical grids. In this paper, a resilient Optical Burst Switching (OBS) / Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) network scenario, in which both the protection/restoration in the OBS layer and GMPLS layer and the resilient resource discovery and management scheme are experimentally demonstrated and theoretically analyzed. The results show that the proposed...
Large optical backbone networks may be composed of several domains, each one controlled by different administrators/operators. Besides, the bandwidth granularity of these domains may be different. Label Switched Paths (LSPs) provisioning in multi-domain/multi-operators/multi-layer network scenarios is a challenging problem actually, which has to be properly faced. In this paper, some open issues related...
The efficient accommodation of sub-wavelength client flows on optical channels is a current challenge for resources use optimization in GMPLS controlled optical networks. While optical channels capacity usually exceeds 10 Gbit/s, client connections requests show finer granularity. This paper concentrates on the design and implementation of a GMPLS-controlled grooming capable transport infrastructure...
This paper reports a summary of the joint research activities on Optical Core Networks within the e-Photon-ONe+ project. It provides a reasonable overview of the topics considered of interest by the European research community and supports the idea of building joint research activities that can leverage on the expertise of different research groups.
Optical channel (OCh) shared protection is considered the best scheme to implement protection in optical networks due to its high efficiency. Moreover, protection resources can be used to transport extra-traffic under normal conditions. Nevertheless, the switching time of the currently available wavelength selective switches (WSS), the key component to build reconfigurable optical nodes, prevents...
With the advances in the optical signal processing, extending the optical reach beyond thousands of kilometers becomes a reality, but the debatable question remains: how far the optical reach needs to be extended in order to achieve a minimal transport network cost. In this paper, we investigate the issue of determining the best optical reach in the domain of the GMPLS-based long-haul transport network...
Current GMPLS standardization allows control plane deployment to be either physically or only logically separated from the data plane, describing out-of-fiber or in-fiber control plane configurations. It is widely accepted, that the out-of-fiber strategy provides enhanced flexibility, which derives from the natural separation of both planes. Nonetheless, such a configuration poses new challenges to...
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