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Nowadays, increasing number of smart services are being developed and deployed in cities around the world. IoT platforms have emerged to integrate smart city services and city resources, and thus improve city performance in the domains of transportation, emergency, environment, public safety, etc. Despite the increasing intelligence of smart services and the sophistication of platforms, the safety...
In the context of Vehicular Ad Hoc NETworks (VANETs), we investigate the problem of range-based Cooperative Localization (CLoc), which combines absolute position information from on-board Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) with relative distance measurements to fellow mobile vehicles, for instance based on Impulse Radio - Ultra WideBand (IR-UWB). CLoc accuracy usually suffers from poor Geometric...
Consider a road network where some vertices representpoints-of-interests (POIs) and each POI belongs to exactlyone category-of-interest (COI). Within that context, considera group of travelers, each leaving from their source locationstowards their destinations (all possibly distinct), as well asa sequence of COIs that the group is interested to visit. ASequenced Group Trip Planning Query (SGTPQ) returns,...
Scene understanding is widely linked to the perception of it. Lane detection and tracking are commonly used in the context of autonomous transportation to estimate the drivable area on marked road. Real-time, accurate and efficient analyses are particularly critical when mobile robots are considered. Moreover, safe trajectories are of importance for those robotic vehicles evolving other vehicles or...
Decision making and planning of large scale infrastructures within cities is often a long process encompassing years, between multiple institutions represented by experts that require negotiations and consensus of demands and goals. The role big data plays in such design could be crucial, by providing access to otherwise elusive information on movements of people and goods in a city which can then...
The recent advances in wireless communication techniques have made it possible for fast-moving vehicles to download data from the Internet. For the reliable data upload and download, TCP can be used for vehicular networks. However, TCP requires the connection initialization using three-way handshaking for the data exchange between two end systems over the Internet. Thus, the efficient operation of...
Paper presents the Shape Movement Pattern (ShaMP) algorithm, an algorithm for extracting Movement Patterns (MPs) from network data, and a prediction mechanism whereby the identified MPs can be used to predict the nature of movement in a previously unseen network. The principal advantage offered by ShaMP is that it lends itself to parallelisation. The reported evaluation was conducted using both Massage...
In past decade, the problem of traffic has become severe due to industrialization especially in big cities. Hence, the urban population has to invest much valuable time during traveling.
For this conference, we had the choice between two approaches: an in-depth description of one of our projects, or a kaleidoscopic presentation of a series of our projects. We opted for the second approach with the aim of presenting our contributions to Smart City in the field of transportation of passengers and freight and associated services. Our goal is to present different ways of increasing smartness...
Human mobility analysis and modeling is a very interdisciplinary field of research. Mobility models play an important role particularly in assessing the simulative performance of mobile and opportunistic networks. The mobility traces, which most of these models are based on, however, mostly suffer from several shortcomings. In this paper, we use the extensive Lausanne Data Collection Campaign (LDCC)...
The act of predicting a destination and route a user will take, as soon as he/she begins to move, has several benefits. A system with this kind of information is able to help the user to avoid a congested route or to suggest a Place of Interest (POI). Nowadays, the task of tracking a user movement is more feasible thanks to current smartphones, with embedded GPS devices. Many related work addresses...
The context of the Internet of Things and the growing use of mobile devices have demanded wireless communication alternatives, complementary to radio frequency. As a promising alternative, optical wireless communication has emerged, due to significant deployments in solid-state lighting technology. Light-emitting diodes have been adopted in many domains, both indoors and outdoors. In this case, they...
Travel demand models use speed-flow equations to accurately predict the speed of traffic on urban roads. However, in urban networks, the correlations can be quite complex because they are affected by rather short road segments and signalized intersections resulting in interrupted traffic flows. In this context, the green timeshare of a traffic signal influences the capacity of a corresponding road...
Driving in developing cities presents numerous challenges. Traffic congestion and traffic accidents are the most visible challenges which are caused by different underlying factors. Two chief factors are poorly planned and maintained roadway infrastructure and the decisions made by the drivers. Drivers are constantly forced to negotiate road hazards, like potholes, unlabeled speed bumps as well as...
In order to use technology to influence human behaviour and promote safer and more fuel efficient behaviour through incentive mechanisms, an instrumented vehicle is developed. The first step is to make it “perceive” the outside world, so extracting knowledge from some data sources such as sensors is crucial. More critically, there is a fundamental need for a standard that would enable knowledge sharing/exchanging...
Travelers mobility simulation is a powerful tool to test strategies in a virtual environment, without impacting the quality of the real traffic network. However, existing mobility multiagent and micro-simulations can only consider a sample of the real volumes of travelers, especially for big regions. With distributed simulations, it would be easier to analyze and predict the status of nowadays networks...
Queries posed by a user over a database do not always return the desired responses. It may sometimes result an empty set of answers especially when data are pervaded with uncertainty and imprecision. Thus, to address this problem, we propose an approach for relaxing a failing query in the context of evidential databases. The uncertainty in such databases is expressed within the belief function theory...
The relevance of decision making in autonomous systems is intrinsically related to the system capacity to discriminate its perception-action states. This is particularly challenging in unknown and changing complex environments, where providing a complete a priori representation to the system is not possible. To illustrate the problem, let us consider a decentralized control of road traffic, where...
A distributed network of vehicles well-known as Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) has created a new communication paradigm, which enables us to exploit the mobility of vehicles for data dissemination process within a geographical area of interest. Several data dissemination protocols have focused on two main problems in VANETs: broadcast storm and disconnected network. Moreover, the most of data...
Although many algorithms have been proposed for the camera-based detection of road features (such as road markings, curbstones and road borders), truly contextual or relational information between the detections is rarely used. This is all the more surprising, since a lot of potential remains unused, regarding outlier rejection or compensating detection failures, multiple detections, misclassification...
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