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A dynamic process of mortality of Norway spruce stands in south−west Poland, mainly in the Sudety Mts. was observed in 2015. It was associated with an insufficient amount of precipitation in the growing season. This process was intensified by the outbreak of insects, especially bark beetles. The aim of the paper was to verify the hypothesis that the application of the stand damage risk model allows...
In June 2016, a hurricane damaged the forests of the Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Białystok (eastern Poland), resulting in the removal of approximately 1.9 million cubic meters of wind−fallen and wind−broken trees and deadwood by the end of 2018. The research material was obtained from the database of the State Forests Information System and used to assess the functioning of the wind...
In the Beskid Żywiecki, the combination of abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic factors unfavourable for the growth of trees led to the dieback of spruce stands. The intensification of this process began after the hurricane in November 2004, followed by years of negative climatic water balance. The deterioration of tree growth conditions occurred after the drought in July 2006 and damage caused by the...
Climate change, which was particularly marked at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, was accompanied by unfavourable weather phenomena. One of whose effects cannot be prevented is hurricane. Much of the most devastating storms (e.g. Kyrill in January 2007, Carmen in November 2010), which crossed over Poland, was associated with low pressure systems. The occurrence of high wind speeds in the cold...
The paper assesses the performance of the risk models of the wind damage to the mountain forest stands located in the Tatra National Park (southern Poland). The models assume that the forest susceptibility to the damage from the wind depends on the characteristics of stands, their location and frequency of the occurrence of damage in the past. According to the methodology we built 5 variants of models,...
On the basis of the wind damage risk model for forests using the data of the State Forests Information System, the stand damage risk factor Wr for each of the 430 forest districts in Poland and the threat measure Ms for a given forest district were determined. The measure of threat to forest Ms for a forest district is a methodical basis for assessing the potential damage to forests in Poland. Its...
The paper presents variability in morphological traits of trees in mature Scots pine stands exposed to wind. The analysed parameters included breast height diameter, tree height and length, diameter, lateral area and crown base area. Except for the crown base area and crown diameter, values of the other traits increased with an increase in the distance from the edge of the stand. Crown diameter in...
Research was carried out in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands damaged by strong wind in six locations in Poland. The aim of this study was to analyse the radial variation of compressive strength parallel to grain in the wind−broken trees and neighbouring survivors. Strength tests were conducted in moisture above saturation fibre point. There were no significant differences in the radial distribution...
The paper presents a new variant of the wind damage risk model for forest stands in view of its application in the forests under private ownership. It was based on the following characteristics: average height, age and slenderness of the main tree species, stand density index, species composition, forest habitat type, as well as stand location in the region of the country and the volume of windbreaks,...
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of selected tree stability indices described by individual biometric characteristics on the formation of their wind resistance. The analysis of tree stability was based on easily measurable tree traits, such as height, breast height diameter, crown parameters as well as the centre of gravity and slenderness factor. Investigations were conducted in wind−damaged...
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