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This paper discusses the introduction to Smart Energy Source's (SES) Progressive Resource Energy Park (PREP) and PREP design processes. The PREP application to Central Rural Electric Cooperative's Innovation Pointe campus microgrid. The microgrid consists of solar distributed energy resource (DER), battery energy storage and emergency diesel generation. This microgrid is controlled by a medium voltage...
Installed capacity of solar photovoltaics (PV) continues to grow rapidly in the US. High penetrations and can create operational and reliability challenges. PV integration shares some attributes and mitigation strategies with wind, and differs in some key ways that will be discussed. This study investigates PV integration challenges and examines mitigation issues for utilities planning for high penetrations...
The European Union continues to exert a large influence on the direction of member states energy policy. The 2020 targets for renewable energy integration have had significant impact on the operation of current power systems, forcing a rapid change from fossil fuel dominated systems to those with high levels of renewable power. Additionally, the overarching aim of an internal energy market throughout...
Most utilities use a standard small generator interconnection procedure (SGIP) process that includes a screen for placing potential PV interconnection requests on a fast track that do not require more detailed study. One common screening threshold is the 15% of peak load screen that fast tracks PV below a certain size. This paper performs a technical evaluation of the screen compared to a large number...
Since 2007, farm-based biogas utilizing small synchronous generation has emerged in Ontario. Initial attempts at grid connection revealed several costly barriers. First, a requirement for proponents to pay for consequential upgrades to distribution infrastructure was mitigated through an amendment to the Ontario Distribution Code. Second, a requirement for transfer-trip to protect against feeder islanding...
Dynamic control for a wind turbine generating system consisting of series connected five wind generators and a current source thyristor inverter is discussed. It is shown that tip speed ratios of the individual turbine can be controlled almost constant at an optimum condition with the proposed method, making an effective operation of the system possible. Experimental investigations are also discussed...
This paper investigates the optimal size of a potential DC interconnection between an isolated island system and the mainland grid. Adequate spinning reserve is perhaps the most prominent security requirement in isolated systems. Thus this paper focuses specifically on how the optimal interconnection solution is affected by spinning reserve (SR) requirements and cost. A Monte-Carlo based probabilistic...
In this paper improving of low frequency oscillations of multi-machine power systems using coordinate tuning of PSS and TCSC has been considered. For this purpose linearized model of multi-machine power system which includes the effect of PSS and TCSC has been adopted and after forming the state matrix, eigenvalues of system have been calculated. The desired modes in small signal stability are electromechanical...
The most important parameter in estimations and calculations of technical adequacy of wind park (WP) connection is short-circuit power in the Point of Common Connection (PCC). Design and planning of wind park substations can be important factor in fulfillment of transmission or distribution system operator (TSO, DSO) grid code. Likewise, selection of high-voltage equipment such as power transformer,...
The mechanism of Emergency DC Power Support (EDCPS) is analyzed based on a model in which two AC systems are connected by a HVDC Link. This model can be considered as an equivalent two-machine power system, and it is demonstrated that stepping up (or stepping down) DC power during the angle-swing-up (or angle-swing-back) course of the equivalent system can help absorb (or compensate) active power...
In this paper, a high frequency (HF)-based three-phase Semicontrolled rectifier-current source inverter system is proposed for grid-connected permanent magnet wind generators. The main advantages of the topology are: high efficiency due to less power losses and reduced number of switching elements, high output power density realization, reduced passive component ratings proportionally to the frequency,...
This paper introduces a new method for mitigating inter-area oscillations of a large scale interconnected power system by means of generation re-dispatch. The optimal mitigation procedures are derived by searching for the shortest distance from current operating condition to a targeted operating condition with the desired damping ratio of the oscillation mode. A sensitivity-based method is used to...
The electric power system is moving forward to a new direction that with wide-range interconnection of power grid. Along with the increasing number of generate capacity, the expansion of power network, the complexity of power load as well as the changing grid structure, the impacts brought by the differences of frequency characteristics in areas with interconnected power network is getting increasingly...
This work investigates the impact of increased penetration of doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) on electromechanical modes of oscillations of a large interconnected power system. The work proposes a control mechanism aimed at designing the power system stabilizer (PSS) for a DFIG similar to the PSS of synchronous machines. The wind generator power output is taken as input to the PSS. The active...
This paper discusses green power distributed generation (DG) sources (of 10 MW or less), which are connected to the utility system at the distribution level, and their impact on distribution system reliability. Distribution circuits are designed to supply radial loads. Therefore, the introduction of green generation can result in: redistribution of fault and load currents on the feeder circuit, overvoltage...
With the deregulation of the electric power industry and the advancement of new technologies, the attention of the utilities has been drawn towards adapting Distributed Generation (DG) into their existing infrastructure. In this paper photovoltaic (PV) systems are modeled to study the effects of their interconnection in a distribution system. The system is a combination of the PV array, DC-DC boost...
Microgrids are low voltage distribution networks comprising various distributed generators, storage devices and controllable loads. Microgrid can be operated in interconnected mode or islanded mode. Optimal generation scheduling is one of the microgrid energy management system's function for optimizing the microgrid operation. This paper presents a Multi-Agent System (MAS) for generation scheduling...
Wide-area analysis and control of large-scale electric power systems are highly dependent on the idea of aggregation. For example, one often hears power system operators mentioning how `Northern Washington' oscillates against `Southern California' in response to various disturbance events. The main question here is whether we can analytically construct dynamic electro-mechanical models for these conceptual,...
Utilisation of wind energy to generate electricity has attracted considerable attention worldwide, and is rapidly-growing. The integration of large wind farms with high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission network could be one of the preferred options for supplying bulk power over a long distance. Since HVDC rectifier stations with constant current control may introduce negative damping on the...
Wind turbines are rapidly increasing and some times are disconnected from the grid intentionally or inadvertently and continue to supply local loads. If it was decided to reconnect to the grid, some problems may happen. This paper deals with the reconnection of islanded wind turbines to the grid and proposes a new method to reduce the high current effects of reconnection. The new method is simple...
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