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In this review, we summarize the current data pertaining to proteases mainly from polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) and monocytes in the regulation of the inflammatory response. However, tryptase and chymase stored in mast cell granules, or granzymes from lymphocytes are other examples of proteases, which greatly influence several biological processes including extracellular matrix degradation, vasoconstriction,...
Being elderly is a risk factor for delayed wound healing. In aged skin, epidermal turnover is decreased by about 50%. This is accompanied by reductions in vascularization, granulation tissue, collagen, elastin, mast cells and fibroblasts. Age-related changes occur which impact all phases of healing. In general, the elderly have increased rates of infection and wound dehiscence, decreases in wound...
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) are the most abundant white cell in humans and an essential component of the innate immune system. PMNs are typically the first type of leukocyte recruited to sites of infection or areas of inflammation. Ingestion of microorganisms triggers production of reactive oxygen species and fusion of cytoplasmic granules with forming phagosomes, leading to effective killing...
Phagocytic leukocytes such as neutrophils and macrophages are essential for the innate immune response against invading bacteria. Binding and ingestion of bacteria by these host cells triggers potent anti-microbial activity, including production of reactive oxygen species. Although phagocytes are highly adept at destroying bacteria, modulation of leukocyte apoptosis or cell death by bacteria has emerged...
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