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This paper presents a nanoprobe insertion for nanoinjection applications for biological species based on environmental-scanning electron microscope (E-SEM) nanorobotic manipulation system. Based on the bio-nano manipulation system, we have been proposed a nano-injection method by nanoprobe insertion. The nanoprobe is designed to have a sharp tip to insert the probe into biological specimen. It is...
The fluorescence-based integrated chemical and enzyme sensor arrays on which two kinds of 10 μm i.d. sensor spots were arranged alternately on one chip, were developed by using microcontact printing. FITC, ruthenium complex and europium tetracycline was stamped onto a DLC sputtered glass slides for pH, oxygen and hydrogen peroxide sensors, respectively. After printing of oxygen sensor spots, pH sensor...
We performed single-molecule observation of DNA double-strand breaks caused by Co60 γ-ray irradiation and quantitatively evaluated the protective effect of ascorbic acid 2-glucoside (AA-2G). AA-2G is a stable derivative of ascorbic acid. We found that AA-2G induces a significant conformational change on DNA. We also evaluated the protective effect of AA-2G against radiation-induced DNA double-strand...
There are strong implications that Amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide causes neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) through (i) pore formation, (ii) the disruption of ionic channels that could affect calcium homeostasis, and (iii) receptor binding. The actual mechanism(s) remains unclear. In this study, we utilised cell-sized model membranes to observe the stability of lipid vesicles, in real-time, in the...
By using the time lapse of both phase-contrast and fluorescent images of single cells, we investigated the promoter activity. HeLa cells were transfected with EGFP, which encodes EGFP under the control of CMV promoter or cMyc binding site, in the presence of Lipofectamin™ LTX. After transfection with EGFP, phase-contrast and fluorescent images of cells in each well were recorded at intervals of 10min...
We developed Optical pH regulation using functional nanotool impregnated with photo-responsive chemical for selective cell injection of nanotool. The nanotool was modified by fluorescent dye for intracellular measurement. The nanotool was included in the fusogenic liposome. Membrane fusion of the liposome to the cell membrane was used for invasive cell injection of the nanotool. The liposome fuses...
Observation and manipulation of a single DNA molecule in real time have been applied for gene analyses and novel biochemical analyses of DNA-protein interactions. The DNA molecule in solution frequently changes its position and its shape due to Brownian motion, therefore precise handling technique is required. At the same time, miniaturized chemical reaction systems such as micro total analysis systems...
The structural morphology and spectra characteristic of ofloxacin (OFL) was strongly affected by the pH. In strong acidic solutions, OFL molecule exists as strong cation to achieve a weaker intensity. When the pH value increased to 3-4, OFL molecule exists as zwitterions, which is the strongest fluorescence form to have maximum intensity; the maximum exciting and emission wavelength of OFL were 298...
In order to study the effect of chlorine (Cl2) inactivating Giardia in water, different factors as Cl2 concentration, contact time, pH, temperature, turbidity and organic content which might influence the inactivation were studied by using fluorescence staining method. With the Giardia was 1×106 cysts/mL, turbidity 1.0NTU, temperature 22°C, pH 7.0, and after 240 min reaction, under the condition that...
We present the design of hollow near-field scanning microscope (NSOM) probe with nanogratings-on-tip to transport and concentrate localized surface plasmonic polariton (SPP) wave. By adding nano-grooves started from the intensity-maximum locations of lowest transmission mode and with pitch period supporting the metal-air interface SPP mode, the power throughput is increased at over 530 times comparing...
A fibre-optic biochemical gas sensor (bio-sniffer) for gaseous formaldehyde (FA) was developed and applied for on-site assessment of FA detoxification. The bio-sniffer measures FA as a fluorescence of reduced nicoti-namide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) which is the product of formaldehyde dehydrogenase reaction. The detection limit of the bio-sniffer for gaseous FA was 2.5 ppb, which is enough lower...
We report on a droplet-based, in situ formed tunable cylindrical microlens array in microchannels. The deionized water microlenses are formed via liquid-air interfaces of liquid droplets at T-shaped junctions of octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) treated polymerized isobornyl acrylate [poly(IBA)] microchannels, and their focal length can be tuned individually by pneumatic manipulation. These microlenses...
We report a high speed fluorescence activated microfluidic switch capable of achieving a switching time of 50 μsec with a detection efficiency of 86.6% and a switching efficiency of 86.5% at a particle flow speed of ~0.7 m/s. The switching mechanism is realized by exciting dynamic vapor bubbles with focused laser pulses in a microfluidic PDMS channel. The explosive bubble expansion generates fast...
It is known that the dynamic fluctuations in protein structures are essential for their biological functions, including channel gating, allosteric interactions, signal transduction, recognition dynamics and enzymatic catalysis. Understanding the functional mechanisms of such proteins requires the identification of the collective atomic motions and how these motions relate to the biological function...
Indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) with HEp-2 cells has been used to detect antinuclear auto-antibodies (ANA) for diagnosing systemic autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study is to develop an automatic scheme to identify the fluorescence pattern of HEp-2 cell in the IIF images. By using the previously proposed two-staged segmentation method, the similarity-based watershed algorithm with marker techniques...
This paper presents the optimization of integer program, which combines linear lighting with energy saving as the objective function to manage the illumination. Most illumination usually don't abide by the design limits at the initial time of installation, so this would make the intensity of illumination extremely high. In this paper, an improved method of optimizing the energy-saving objective function...
Recently, there has been an increasing interest to propose computational approaches based on image processing to automate the comparison of spatial gene expression patterns contained in transgenic embryo images. The first step is typically to classify the images between lateral and dorsal/ventral views, and then to align them along the anterior and posterior ends. While some methodologies have been...
Autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) has been utilized over the past decade, proving to be a powerful tool for the detection and localization of premalignant and malignant lesions of the airways. AFB is, however, characterized by low specificity and a high rate of false positive findings (FPFs). The majority of FPFs are due to inflammations, as they often fluoresce at the same wavelengths with cancer...
In this paper, one simple binaphthyl-bridged salicylidene Schiff base (2,2'-bis(3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)-1,1'-binaphthyl (BCHB)) was successfully modified into the channel of mesoporous molecular sieve SBA-15. Detailed characterizations demonstrated that the inner channel of SBA-15 was firstly functionalized with 3-aminapropyltriethoxysilane, then the functional molecule BCHB was anchored...
Oxygen is an important parameter with significant effect on cellular development and function. Based on microfluidics, laminar flow and hydrodynamic focusing provide ideal tools for the generation of controlled micro-environments and their application as stimuli to cells. In this paper we demonstrate, for the first time inside a microfluidic device, the generation and characterization of hydrodynamically...
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