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The non-iterative algorithm that reveals the general physical basis of measuring processes and instrumental (computer) computations is proposed and investigated. The algorithm is based on the previously proposed postulate and consists in finding the optimal, locally defined width of the averaging interval. The optimal width of the interval provides the smallest error when measuring or computing the...
The latest approaches for flexible assembly and process-integrated quality control of large components require global metrologic reference systems for various tasks, e.g. navigation of mobile transport units, control of cooperating robots or local inspection with handheld devices. While cooperative and competitive approaches for data fusion of multi-sensor metrologic systems already exist, a reference...
Almost independent of the program, technology or functionality, the number one issue facing everyone is tackling the ever-increasing desire for tighter design margin. This has not only pushed designers and their simulation tools to the edge, it has kept test and test strategies one step behind the growing measurement needs. The result has been lower yields, greater false failures and a swelling number...
• It has been shown that measured SVSWR is smaller than peak SVSWR. The measured SVSWR covers approximately 75% of the SVSWR • An method is shown to use a moving window to estimate the real SVSWR level. The site contribution to emissions measurement MIU can be derived based on the full knowledge of the SVSWR. • SVSWR of the back half of the QZ is not currently considered by the standard, but the levels...
Metrological evaluation of electrical power quality signal generator, designed for reproducing the standard power quality disturbances, is presented in this paper. This generator is functionally based on the virtual instrumentation software, data acquisition card and power amplifier for scaling the output voltage to the nominal power line voltage level (230 V). The realized computer-based signal generator...
The paper describes the High Precision Stochastic Digital Measurement Method that takes the advantage of fast electronic components in order to simplify and cut the costs of hardware used for electric energy measurements, whereas reducing the number of error sources in instruments. It is shown that the key element in this system is the fast Flash ADC. For every new bit of Flash ADC resolution, its...
We have investigated equivalency of the measurement performance between LCR meter, impedance analyzers and vector network analyzers. Each instrument measures impedance/reflection characteristics based on different theory of measurement operation. We adopted the error correction (calibration) model of reflect meter (vector network analysis) in all measurement by LCR meter, impedance analyzer and vector...
This paper presents a new instrumentation concept for the measurement of compressive creep behavior of polymers. The concept has been developed for measurements which need to be carried out over prolonged periods of time and at elevated temperatures. The instrument concept is based on a floating pneumatic piston which exerts the force on the specimen and details of its design are presented. The special...
One of the most substantial issues of evaluation a gauge calibration is to determine the calibration function. In pursued situation, it means to estimate the parameters of the linear function which express the dependence of the (errorless) measured values using the calibrated gauge on the true measured quantities. Of course, we are interested also in uncertainties of the estimated parameters. In contribution...
Peculiarities of measuring instruments verification based on the results of their calibration are considered. It is noted that, in contrast to the verification procedure used in the legal metrology, the verification procedure for calibrated measuring instruments have to take into account the measurements uncertainties. In this regard, many measuring instruments, considered compliance after verification...
In article the experiments made with the measuring channel of temperature with automatic correction data conversion based on a method of sample signals are described. Analysis results of distribution laws and the value of the random component of the error are shown. The suggestions on application of multiple measurements for a decision on the introduction of a correction in the data conversion are...
In this paper, practical investigations of level accuracy and uncertainties using a Rohde & Schwarz signal generator (R&S SMB-B140) and spectrum analyzer (R&S FSV40) are performed up to 30GHz. We show that it is possible to measure frequency responses of DUTs with uncertainties below ±0.05dB up to 30 GHz instead of ±0.5…1.5dB using auto settings, standard setup, or relying on datasheets...
This paper will address the general basis for the calculation of uncertainties in the practice for testing electrical and electronic equipments using safety standards, including some calculations for typical tests.
We describe our measurements on high-precision microresonators and microresonator-based optical frequency combs, including full stabilization of planar frequency microcombs, with an instrument-limited instability at 3.6-mHz-per-root-tau and tooth-to-tooth relative uncertainty to 50mHz. Noise in thermally-compensated ultrahigh-Q microresonators and lasers are demonstrated at the thermodynamical limits.
This paper presents the development and error analysis of a flexible test rig which is intended for emulating the static and dynamic characteristics of some mechanical loads found in industry. The test rig will provide a laboratory-based platform for assessing the efficiency of inverter-fed induction motors (IM) within a wide range as well that of variable speed drives (VSDs). The use of an Active...
Currently, manual tools such as rulers or calipers have been used to measure the diameter of the inhibition zone of an antimicrobial. The inhibition zone is the main indicator of an antimicrobial effectiveness. The current camera technology supports for a virtual instrumentation application in measuring the dimension of an object. The presence of another supporting device such as light sources, causing...
In article the experiments made with the measuring channel of temperature with automatic correction data conversion based on a method of sample signals are described. Analysis results of distribution laws and the value of the random component of the error are shown. The suggestions on application of multiple measurements for a decision on the introduction of a correction in the data conversion are...
The efforts to improve the security of a lightning strike is giving a lightning early warning system. One method that can be used to get the warning is to measure the electric field in the atmosphere. Electric field mill (EFM) is an instrument that can be used to measure the strength of electric fields in atmosphere as a result of electrostatic charge in CB cloud and the ground. In this experiment,...
There are various methods to evaluate the performance of file systems through the replay of file system traces. Despite this diversity, little attention was given on comparing the alternatives, thus bringing some skepticism about the results attained using these methods. In this paper, to fill this understanding gap, we analyze two popular trace replay methods through the lens of metrology. This case...
This paper addresses the problem of identifying errors-in-variables models, where the both input and output measurements are corrupted by white noise. The Koopmans-Levin method, which is a computationally simple consistent estimation method for errors-in-variables situations, requires a priori knowledge about the values of variances or the ratio to measurement noises. To achieve the consistent estimation...
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