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This paper investigates the effect of Wind Farm (WF) active power variability on an emergency maximum reactive support control scheme. The latter is proposed as a means to increase the maximum power transfer, and thus the voltage stability limit of a weak transmission corridor. Substation and WF feeder controls (including switched capacitors and load tap changers), as well as converter current and...
Renewable energy is gaining more attention because conventional power plants are facing several environment problems. In the present scenario, wind power grid interfacing is one of the favorable approaches for electricity production. This paper introduces the MATLAB modeling and simulation of 5-Level and 3-Level neutral point clamped inverters for grid interfacing using SEPIC converter for wind energy...
Energy storage is getting more important because of the demand in energy usage for green application. Electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle and electric vessel are rapidly emerged and represent new mobility to be developed for this century. To enable such development, good energy storage devices besides battery and super-capacitor are needed seriously. New battery management system, balancing...
A huge amount of wind power is integrated into the power system every day. With large variations in wind generation, reactive power flows on transmission lines, transmission loss, voltage and power factor are major attributes which having a major impact on power system performance. FACT devices such as Static Var Compensator, is dynamic reactive power compensator is adopted for control of bus voltage...
In the recent era, distributed generation, micro grid, and smart grid has gained the attention and has become an important area of research to find solutions to overcome the difficulties raised due to energy crisis. Renewable energies derived from natural sources that are renewed continually and have various forms. Electricity and heat obtained from solar, wind, geothermal, hydropower, biomass, and...
This paper presents a study on the implementation of Real-Time Pricing (RTP) based Demand Side Management (DSM) of water pumping at a clean water pumping station in Northern Ireland, with the intention of minimising electricity costs and maximising the usage of electricity from wind generation. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) was used to create pumping schedules based on system constraints and electricity...
Evaluation methods and application considerations for high-voltage (>1000 V) switches, as covered in IEEE Std C37.30.1, under wind-loading conditions are provide in this guide. Testing methods to meet both usual and unusual wind conditions are also included in this guide.
This paper shows that the hybrid bridge resonant converter which is based on the traditional LLC resonant converter, use DSP to toggle between the full bridge mode and the half bridge mode. So the input voltage range is enlarged, and in the high voltage range, the working efficiency is increased by 3%. The switching process between the full bridge mode and the half bridge mode could be made a smooth...
The paper presents quasi z-source inverter (QZSI) as an alternate converter system for single phase wind generator. The QZSI inheriting all the advantages of traditional ZSI replaces the conventional PWM inverter in the system with some of its additional utilities. A closed loop controller is developed which monitors wind generator output and adjusts the inverter shoot-through duty cycle employing...
The paper is concerned with the active and reactive power flow between the doubly fed induction generator harvesting wind power and the grid controlled by the rotor side converter. After deriving the basic equations in Appendices it builds up a block diagram for studying the dynamic processes and it applies them for investigating the slip - rotor current characteristics where rotor voltage components...
This paper discusses dynamic modeling and simulation of distributed static compensators (DSTATCOM) in system impact studies involving renewable applications, e.g., wind or solar power plants. Two dynamic simulation models of the DTSTACOM are presented and discussed. Dynamic simulations are presented to show that a reactive compensation system (RCS) assembled with the DSTATCOM as a master controller...
The variable wind generator output due to unpredictable variation in wind speed is suitably controlled through a closed loop system employing the buck-boost capability of quasi z-source inverter derived from traditional z-source inverter (ZSI) and is converted into a three phase power. The quasi z-source inverter inheriting all the advantages of the traditional ZSI replaces the conventional PWM inverter...
In this research diesel consumption for three operational modes of a remote Hybrid Power System (HPS) is studied. The system consists of a 925kW diesel engine generator, a proposed pumped hydro storage system, battery bank and dump load. The proposed system is a replacement of the existing inefficient electrolyzer, hydrogen storage and generator system for Ramea Newfoundland. The hybrid system has...
A wind-hydrogen project which converts offshore wind energy into hydrogen has been proposed. Because wind speed changes rapidly in wide range, the system safety boundaries are often violated. This paper deals with the problem of system control for the wind-hydrogen system, in order to avoid dangerous conditions like over-temperature and over-pressure. First, the mathematical models of the wind-hydrogen...
Rapid increase of wind power installation in China brings new technical issues and challenges for grid security operation. Reactive power and voltage control capability of wind farms is one of key issues that grid operators concern with. This paper presents a coordinated reactive power and voltage control system for wind farm gird integration to meet operation requirements described in the standard...
The thermal cycling of power switching devices may lead to failures that compromise the reliability of power converters. Wind Turbine Systems (WTS) are especially subject to severe thermal cycling which may be caused by the wind speed variations or power grid faults. This paper proposes a control method to relieve the thermal cycling of power switching devices under severe wind speed variations, by...
This paper focuses on a battery charging technology utilized in the small wind power generation system, in which the cost should be especially emphasized. An algorithm to make the input voltage track its reference rapidly is proposed in this paper. Meanwhile, a new control strategy is adopted to restrain the charging current by means of dynamically confining the duty-cycle of the buck converter. At...
An offshore wind turbine usually has the grid step-up transformer integrated in the nacelle. This increases mechanical loading of the tower. In that context, a transformer-less, high voltage, highly-reliable and compact converter system for nacelle installation would be an attractive solution for large offshore wind turbines. This paper, therefore, presents a transformer-less grid integration topology...
As the penetration of large-scale grid-connected wind farms increasing year by year, low voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability are required by many countries for power quality and fail-safe operation at grid fault. A new dynamic strategy using dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is proposed in this paper to improve LVRT capability of wind turbine generators (WTGs). During the voltage dip, LVRT-DVR will...
In this paper the impact of variable speed wind generators on power system transient stability is examined using a generic full converter wind generator model. First the developed model, appropriate for power system stability studies, is described and the grid-side converter control strategy during voltage dips is analyzed. Next, the contribution of a wind farm equipped with full converter wind turbines...
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