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This paper presents the practical implementation of an experimental platform used for the automatic transfer switch to the back-up power source. The automatic transfer switch concept represents the procedure of fast connection of the electrical consumers to a back-up electric power source. The connection to the back-up power source is necessary in the event of failure of the main power source. The...
In Brazil, about 80% of electricity generation is accomplished through hydroelectric sources. In this vast universe, usage of generators with more than one winding per phase is very uncommon. This type of machine, however, may have specific protection for detecting faults between windings of the same phase in a scheme known as “Split Phase Protection.” An adaptation of the differential protection...
This article described four kinds of time-delay contacts (delayed on of normally open contact, delayed off of normally closed contact, delayed off normally open contact, delayed on of normally closed contact)technique using the PLC timer to implement time-relay, extension, and the timer changed the set value and square-wave generator methodd for improving the precision of timing. The ladder diagrams...
Generators are critical components of the power system. In addition to being some of the most expensive pieces of equipment on the system, they are also extremely critical to power system stability. A false trip can lead to extensive testing in search of a nonexistent fault, while a delayed trip can result in unnecessary additional damage to equipment. Both misoperations result in excessive equipment...
This paper describes advanced relay protection systems that incorporate Rogowski coils and multifunction relays. The schemes are simple, user friendly and require less wiring and space than conventional solutions. Novel protection schemes for low, medium, and high voltage power system applications are presented. A companion paper presents Rogowski coils current sensor performance characteristics for...
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