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A new and improved technique is presented for the measurement of iron loss in motor stators. The most accurate existing technique rotates dummy-test rotors, one for each field strength of interest, inside the stators to be tested and measures the reaction torque on the stators. The new technique uses a wound ‘rotor’ component that does not rotate mechanically but does rotate electrically. Therefore,...
This paper presents design study on windage loss reduction for hybrid excitation flux switching motor employing two types of rotor structure. Conventional flux switching motors have a rotor structure with salient poles, by which windage loss at high speed region becomes serious. To reduce the windage loss, two types rotor are built: One is a cylindrical rotor employing iron rib between adjacent salient...
Traction motors require high output power, high efficiency and downsizing. In order to achieve the requirements, this paper shows the high-speed SRM using the amorphous steel sheet (proposed SRM). As the result, a volume of the SRM is reduced by 53% compared with a conventional PMSM. Also 1% higher efficiency than it of the conventional SRM using 0.35mm electromagnetic steel sheet is obtained by the...
This paper investigates the performance of three magnetic materials: silicon iron, soft magnetic composite and amorphous magnetic material, as the stator of an axial-flux permanent-magnet machine. Three stators, one of each material, are built and tested with the same rotor. The losses of each of the machines are separated using a combination of 3D finite-element analysis and experimental testing...
This paper applies deadbeat-direct torque and flux control (DB-DTFC) to minimize machine and inverter losses in synchronous reluctance drives each single switching period. Flux linkage-based loss models for machine and inverter considering nonlinear effects such as cross-saturation and temperature changes are experimentally evaluated. Loss minimizing capabilities are demonstrated comparing three different...
In this paper, we investigate the impact of mechanical stress on characteristics of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors from both results of measurement and calculation. First, the basic experiments by using stator cores with/without shrink fitting of housing are carried out. The measured iron loss is compared with the calculated results obtained by combined stress and electromagnetic field...
Iron losses have a large share in the overall losses of high power density electrical machines operating as variable speed drives. Therefore, commonly used control strategies such as Maximum Torque per Ampere or Maximum Torque per Voltage aiming at minimizing the copper losses do not select the best direct- and quadrature currents to maximize the efficiency or minimize the overall losses at each operating...
Iron loss measurement has always been a concern for the engineers designing electrical machines. A novel test method developed for fast and accurate measurement of iron losses of permanent magnet synchronous machines and a dedicated laboratory system for performing automatic measurements are presented. The principle of the measurement technique, the main building blocks of the laboratory system and...
The paper presents an optimization of an indirect vector control strategy for induction motor drives. Based on the mathematic model of the induction motor which considers the iron loss resistance, a control algorithm has been conceived to reduce the difference between the measured and estimated torques. Two cases are presented in the paper. In the first case the iron loss resistance is neglected in...
This paper presents a comparison between maximum torque/ampere and maximum efficiency control strategies for interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSMs) in an electrical vehicle propulsion application. A mixed theoretical and experimental approach is adopted to demonstrate how an improvement in performance may be achieved when maximum efficiency control is utilised. The study is completed...
This paper presents a comparison between an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) with two different windings. The two windings subject to this analysis are concentrated six- and concentrated three-phase windings. The focus is put on concentrated windings, because by using this type of winding production costs can be kept low. The mentioned IPMSM is designed for the use in an electrical...
This paper shows characteristics of a Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) using a Grain-Oriented electric steel. In general, most of SRMs use the Non-Oriented electrical steel sheet. The Grain-Oriented electric steel sheet has good magnetic characteristic in the rolling direction. However there is few application of rotating machines which use the steel. This paper shows an effectiveness of the SRM with...
This paper compares the attributes of 36 slot, 33 slot and 12 slot brushless interior permanent magnet motor designs, each with an identical 10 pole interior magnet rotor. The aim of the paper is to quantify the trade-offs between alternative distributed and concentrated winding configurations taking into account aspects such as thermal performance, field weakening behaviour, acoustic noise, and efficiency...
A new Loss Minimization Algorithm (LMA) for an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (IPMSM) drives is presented in this paper. Usually, IPMSMs efficiency is increased by minimizing the controllable loss such as copper or/and iron loss. However, the parameters of an IPMSM vary with operation conditions due to magnetic saturation, and the iron loss is highly non-linear, both of which increase...
The paper presents an operating strategy for high-speed Switched Reluctance (SR) generators employed in exhaust gas energy recovery systems. The machine is operated in “single pulse” mode and a parametric study of the control angles is performed to analyse the machine operation. It is shown that for given speed and power optimum sets of control angles exist, which achieve maximum machine efficiency...
An electrical loss minimization strategy for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drives is proposed in this paper. Until now a Look-up Table based maximum torque per armature current control strategy was proposed by authors. That is a control to minimize copper losses. Meanwhile, the efficiency deteriorates as a result that the iron losses increase sharply in high speed area. In this paper,...
A reduction in the use of rare-earth elements in permanent magnets (PMs) is desirable though motors using such rare earth PMs deliver high performance. In order to obtain high torque and high power without rare-earth PMs, a permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMASynRM) with a ferrite magnet and a three-dimensional (3-D) air-gap structure has been developed. In this paper, the 3-D...
This paper investigates the operating characteristics of four and ten-pole axial-field permanent magnet (AFPM) machines utilising cut AMM ribbon. 3D finite element analysis (FEA) was used to model and analyse the AFPM machine examining the back-emf profiles, cogging torque, axial force and loss characteristics. The paper also presents comprehensive experimental results to validate the model and compare...
This paper covers the proposed method to maximize the driving efficiency for interior permanent magnet synchronous motors considering iron loss and cross-magnetic saturation effects. Using a simple repetition calculation method, the proposed method automatically determines the optimum current command in real-time. This method not only maximizes the driving efficiency but also realizes high-precision...
Solar powered aircraft require electric drives for the main propulsion system. It is critical that these drives provide both very high efficiency and low mass. This paper describes a permanent magnet machine drive, developed specifically for this application. The machine uses 6% silicon steel laminations to achieve very low iron loss, combined with a high pole number to minimize mass. The system has...
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